| 引用本文: | 董玮捷,刘智勇,陈晓宏.水热平衡模型时空多尺度拓展方法研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(4):117-128. |
| DONG Weijie,LIU Zhiyong,CHEN Xiaohong.水热平衡模型时空多尺度拓展方法研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(4):117-128. |
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| 摘要: |
| 为跨时空尺度的流域水循环过程建立统一的研究框架是水文学领域的重要研究方向。水热平衡模型是研究流域水循环、预测径流变化和水资源评价的重要工具；其基于水量和能量平衡理论，通过计算降水、蒸散和径流等水文气象因素之间的关系，进而描述不同时间和空间尺度的水文过程。本文系统梳理了水热平衡模型在不同时间尺度上的应用与发展，具体分为事件尺度、月尺度、年尺度和多年平均尺度模型。尽管传统模型在各独立时间尺度上已有广泛应用，但对多时间尺度（事件、月、年、多年平均）耦合机制的探索不足，且在模型构建中忽略了跨流域地下水交换和农业灌溉等关键因素的影响。此外，总结了水热平衡模型在时间尺度扩展方面的研究进展，包括基于Budyko理论、基于比例假说的时间尺度拓展，以及时间尺度拓展后的不确定性问题及其对模型精度的影响。本文进一步分析了水热平衡模型在空间尺度拓展的研究进展，特别是考虑跨流域地下水交换、农田灌溉影响的空间尺度拓展。基于现有研究的研究基础，提出了水热平衡模型在多时空尺度拓展以及精度提升的未来发展方向，为水文学研究提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 水热平衡模型；时空尺度；Budyko框架；比例假说；跨流域地下水；农田灌溉 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025055 |
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| Advances in spatiotemporal multiscale water-energy balance models: A Review |
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DONG Weijie, LIU Zhiyong, CHEN Xiaohong
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1. Center for Water Resources and Environment, School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University,
Guangzhou 510275, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Water Security Guarantee in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Greater Bay Area of Ministry of Water Resources, Guangzhou 510275, China
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| Abstract: |
| Water and energy balance models have become increasingly important for simulating hydrological and thermal processes, predicting runoff, and managing water resources over the past few decades. Based on the principles of mass and energy conservation, these models describe integrated hydrological and thermal processes across multiple scales in both space and time by analyzing the relationships between key hydrometeorological factors such as precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff. This paper provides an overview of water and energy balance models commonly used to model water and thermal dynamics at different spatiotemporal scales. Temporally, these models can be categorized into event-scale, monthly-scale, annual-scale, and multi-year models. Traditional models are typically used for specific temporal scales, such as event, monthly, or annual levels. However, they fail to capture the inherent multiscale nature of hydrological and thermal processes, often overlooking critical factors like inter-basin groundwater exchange and irrigation. We also review advancements in temporal-scale water and energy balance models, including those developed based on Budyko’s theory and the proportional hypothesis. The paper discusses the challenges in the development and application of temporal-scale models, particularly issues related to their uncertainty and accuracy. Additionally, we examine advancements in spatial multiscale models and review key factors—such as inter-basin groundwater interactions and the impact of agricultural land use—that influence the accuracy of multiscale water-energy balance models. Finally, we highlight future directions for the development of multi-scale hydrological and thermal models that can better capture the complex processes involved and improve water resource management across different scales. |
| Key words: water-energy balance model; multiple spatial-temporal scales; Budyko framework; proportionality hypothesis; inter-basin groundwater; agricultural irrigation |
