| 引用本文: | 贾一凡,王 昊,韩 策,等.基于AquaCrop模型和水足迹理论的冬小麦水氮方案优化[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(5):30-39. |
| JIA Yifan,WANG Hao,HAN Ce,et al.基于AquaCrop模型和水足迹理论的冬小麦水氮方案优化[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(5):30-39. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】在不同水文年背景下，利用AquaCrop模型筛选不同施氮水平下的冬小麦最佳灌水方案，结合水足迹理论进行方案分析，评价AquaCrop模型对水肥耦合的模拟性能，为位山灌区农业水资源利用效率提升提供参考。【方法】基于位山灌区田间试验数据对AquaCrop模型参数进行校准，使AquaCrop模型能较好地模拟灌区冬小麦产量、地上生物量。通过评估典型水文年3个施氮水平下共76种灌水方案下的产量和灌溉水利用效率，筛选最优灌水方案，并结合土壤水分动态平衡模型进行水足迹分析。【结果】施氮量为218 kg/hm2时，湿润年2008—2009年最佳灌水方案为P10（灌溉时间为拔节期、灌浆期，总灌溉定额108 mm）；平水年2019—2020年最佳灌溉方案为P41（灌溉时间为抽穗期、灌浆期，总灌溉定额162 mm）；干旱年2012—2013年最佳灌溉方案为P26（灌溉时间为抽穗期、灌浆期，总灌溉定额136 mm）。198、178 kg/hm2施氮量对应的各典型水文年最佳灌水方案与218 kg/hm2施氮量大致相同。【结论】灌溉水短缺条件下，在冬小麦抽穗期和灌浆期优先灌溉可带来较大收益。3种方案的水足迹作用过程均以绿水足迹为主，蓝水足迹在拔节期、抽穗期、灌浆期起到辅助作用，湿润年的蓝水足迹占比相较于平水年和干旱年较小。 |
| 关键词: AquaCrop模型；灌溉方案；水足迹；水肥耦合；冬小麦 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024271 |
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| Optimizing irrigation and nitrogen fertilization for winter wheat using the AquaCrop model and water footprint analysis |
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JIA Yifan, WANG Hao, HAN Ce, XU Zhenghe, LIU Yuyu
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1. School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Ji’nan, Ji’nan 250022, China;
2. Postdoctoral Research Workstation, Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province, Ji’nan 250013, China;
3. Pipe China Eastern Crude Oil Storage & Transportation Company Limited, Xuzhou 221008, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Nutrient and water interactions play a crucial role in their uptake by crops. Understanding their optimal combination is essential for improving the efficiency of their use. This paper presents a method for optimizing irri-gation strategies for winter wheat production under varying nitrogen application rates in different hydrological years using the AquaCrop model. By integrating water footprint theory, we evaluate the water-fertilizer coupling under various scenarios.【Method】The study was conducted at the Weishan Irrigation District, where field experimental data were used to calibrate the AquaCrop model. The calibrated model was then used to simulate changes in winter wheat yield, aboveground biomass, and other crop traits. A total of 76 irrigation schemes under three nitrogen application rates were considered to determine optimal irrigation strategies for a typical hydrological year. Water footprint analysis was conducted using a soil moisture dynamic balance model to evaluate the sources of water uptake by the crop.【Result】The optimal irrigation schemes were determined based on dual objectives: high yield and irrigation water use efficiency. At a nitrogen application of 218 kg/hm2, the optimal irrigation strategy was as follows: In the wet year (2008—2009), irrigating during the jointing and filling stages, with a total irrigation amount of 108 mm. In the normal year (2019—2020), irrigating during the heading and filling stages, with a total irrigation amount of 162 mm. In the dry year (2012—2013), irrigating during the heading and filling stages, with a total irrigation amount of 136 mm. The optimal irrigation strategy for nitrogen applications of 198 and 178 kg/hm2 was similar to that for 218 kg/hm2.【Conclusion】Under water-limited conditions, prioritizing irrigation during the heading and filling stages of winter wheat maximizes benefits. Across all scenarios, the green water footprint predominated, while the blue water footprint played a supplementary role during the jointing, heading, and filling stages. The contribution of blue water was lowest in wet years and higher in both normal and dry years. |
| Key words: AquaCrop model; irrigation strategies; water footprint; water-fertilizer coupling; winter wheat |
