| 引用本文: | 马广元,胡爱萍,陈虎成,等.水磷调控对引大灌区紫花苜蓿光合特性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(7):26-33. |
| MA Guangyuan,HU Aiping,CHEN Hucheng,et al.水磷调控对引大灌区紫花苜蓿光合特性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(7):26-33. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究不同水磷组合对甘肃省引大灌区紫花苜蓿生长发育、光合特性及产量的影响。【方法】以“杰艺紫花苜蓿”为供试材料，设置低土壤含水率W1（田间持水率的45%~60%）、中土壤含水率W2（田间持水率的60%~75%）、高土壤含水率W3（田间持水率的75%~90%）3个水分梯度，设置低磷P0（0）、中磷P1（50 kg/hm2）、高磷P2（100 kg/hm2）3个施磷水平，探究水磷组合调控对紫花苜蓿植株性状、光合特性及产量的影响。【结果】在低土壤含水率和中土壤含水率条件下，随着施磷量的增加，紫花苜蓿株高、茎粗、叶茎比、光合特性、灌溉水利用效率均呈上升趋势，在施磷量为100 kg/hm2时达到峰值；而在高土壤含水率条件下，随着施磷量的增加，紫花苜蓿株高、茎粗、叶茎比、光合特性均呈先增高后降低趋势，在施磷量为50 kg/hm2时达到峰值。相同施磷量条件下，干草产量表现为高土壤含水率＞中土壤含水率＞低土壤含水率，每茬产量均在高土壤含水率且中磷处理下达到峰值，相比低土壤含水率且低磷处理分别增长11.78%、9.51%、13.63%。【结论】甘肃省引大灌区紫花苜蓿的干草产量达到最优的水磷处理为W3P1，即全生育期土壤含水率维持在田间持水率的75%~90%和磷肥施用量为50 kg/hm2。 |
| 关键词: 紫花苜蓿；磷肥；产量；光合；引大灌区 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024392 |
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| Effects of water and phosphorus regulation on photosynthesis and yield of alfalfa in the Yinda Irrigation District |
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MA Guangyuan, HU Aiping, CHEN Hucheng, ZHANG Rui, LI Yanjun, ZHANG Zhenrong, LI Ping
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1. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2. School of Civil Engineering, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, China;
3. Water Resources Utilization Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730300, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Improving water and nutrient use efficiency is essential for promoting sustainable agriculture. This study investigates the combined effects of water and phosphorus applications on growth, photosynthetic characteristics, and yield of alfalfa. 【Method】The experiment was conducted in the Yinda Irrigation District of Gansu Province using the variety Jieyi alfalfa as the model plant. The experiment consisted of three water treatments with soil moisture content kept at 45%-60% (low, W1), 60%-75% (medium, W2), and 75%-90% (high, W3) of the field capacity. For each soil moisture treatment, there were three phosphorus treatments by applying 0 (low, P0), 50 kg/hm2 (medium, P1) and 100 kg/hm2 (high, P2) of phosphorus fertilizer. In each treatment, we measured plant traits, photosynthesis, and hay yield. 【Result】① Under low and medium soil moisture conditions, plant height, stem diameter, leaf-to-stem ratio, photosynthetic performance, and irrigation water use efficiency all increased with phosphorus application, peaking when phosphorous application was 100 kg/hm2. ② Under high soil moisture conditions, these parameters increased initially and then declined with increasing phosphorus application, reaching their maximum when phosphorus application was 50 kg/hm2. ③ When phosphorus application was the same, the impact of soil moisture on hay yield followed the order: high＞medium＞low soil moisture. Among all treatments, the highest yield was achieved under W3P1, which, compared with the low water and low phosphorus treatment, increased the hay yield by 11.78%, 9.51%, and 13.63%, respectively. 【Conclusion】Among all treatments, the optimal water and phosphorus application for maximizing alfalfa hay yield was W3P1, where soil moisture was maintained at 75%-90% of the field capacity throughout the growing period by applying 50 kg/hm2 of phosphorus. |
| Key words: alfalfa; phosphate fertilizer; yield; photosynthesis; Yinda Irrigation Region |
