| 引用本文: | 黄健益,赵 莹,杨 帆.节水灌溉下有机物料还田对土壤改良的
协同效应研究进展[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(9):103-113. |
| HUANG Jianyi,ZHAO Ying,YANG Fan.节水灌溉下有机物料还田对土壤改良的
协同效应研究进展[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(9):103-113. |
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| 摘要: |
| 本综述旨在探讨节水灌溉条件与外源有机质添加在土壤改良中的协同作用，解析其对土壤健康的提升机制及应用潜力。针对秸秆、生物炭和人工腐殖质3种热点有机物料在节水灌溉条件下提升土壤有机质量和物理化学性质方面的作用进行了归纳和评述，总结了其对土壤有机质提升、结构改善、水资源利用效率提高及温室气体排放减缓等方面的关键作用。秸秆还田易因厌氧环境加剧CH4排放，结合节水灌溉可改善土壤氧化还原状态，降低CH4净排放强度并提高氮素矿化速率；生物炭对氮素的吸附固定可能导致作物早期氮素有效性下降，而节水灌溉通过优化土壤水分运移，使生物炭的缓释效应与作物需氮动态匹配，提升水稻氮素利用效率；人工腐殖质在淹水灌溉下对光合作用的增益有限，但在节水灌溉调控的适度水分胁迫下，显著提升了最大光化学效率、碳同化能力与土壤碳稳定性。在未来研究中应优化节水灌溉下有机物料施用策略、发展精准农业技术并研究不同气候和土壤类型下的土壤改良技术，以维护和提升土壤健康，应对全球农业面临的水资源短缺、土壤退化等挑战。 |
| 关键词: 有机物料；节水灌溉；土壤健康；土壤改良 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025170 |
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| Synergistic effects of water-saving irrigation and soil amendment using organic matter on improving soil quality: A review |
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HUANG Jianyi, ZHAO Ying, YANG Fan
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1. School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150038, China;
2. International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of Health in Cold Region Black Soil Habitat of
the Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, China
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| Abstract: |
| With increasing global water scarcity and widespread soil degradation threatening agricultural productivity and sustainability, there is an urgent need to develop efficient soil and water management practices. Water-saving irrigation techniques have gained increased attention for reducing water consumption while maintaining crop yields. Simultaneously, amending soil with exogenous organic matter has been accepted as a critical strategy for improving soil health and enhancing organic matter content and soil structure. This review explores the synergistic effects of water-saving irrigation and organic amendments on soil improvement, aiming to clarify the mechanisms underlying their positive impacts and highlight their potential applications in sustainable agriculture. We systematically review the efficacy of three main organic materials, straw, biochar and artificial humic substances, in improving soil quality under water-saving irrigation. Amending soil with these organic materials significantly increases soil organic matter, improves soil physicochemical properties, enhances water use efficiency, and mitigates greenhouse gas emissions from soils. We found that straw incorporation alone elevates methane (CH4) emissions under anaerobic conditions. However, when integrated with water-saving irrigation, it improves soil redox conditions, reduces net CH4 emissions, and enhances nitrogen mineralization. Soil amendment with biochar initially immobilizes nitrogen, but its combination with water-saving irrigation can optimize soil moisture content and slowly release nutrient to meet crop demand. This improves nitrogen use efficiency, especially in rice. Artificial humic substances have a minor effect on soil quality under flooded irrigation, but markedly enhance photosynthetic efficiency, carbon assimilation, and soil carbon stability under moderate water stress created by water-saving irrigation. Future research should focus on optimizing the combination of organic matter application and water-saving irrigation, developing precision agronomic practices, and evaluating the efficacy of these practices in areas with diverse climate and soil types in the context of global environmental challenges. |
| Key words: organic materials; water-saving irrigation; soil health; soil improvement |
