| 摘要: |
| 【目的】解决传统方法在对称等径Y型岔管局部水头损失计算中存在较大误差的问题，实现对称等径Y型岔管局部水头损失的精确计算。【方法】结合伯努利方程、连续性方程，提出了对称等径Y型岔管局部水头损失系数与分岔角度、流速之间的理论方程，同时采用室内模型试验和Fluent数值模拟等方法，研究了分岔角度和流速对对称等径Y型岔管局部水头损失系数的影响规律，【结果】①通过对试验数据和模拟结果的线性回归分析发现，压强差与流速水头呈线性关系，变化率K随分岔角度呈正相关关系；②局部水头损失系数随分岔角度的增加而增大，随流速水头的增加而减小；③基于理论推导和试验、模拟数据，提出了考虑分岔角度和流速影响的局部水头损失系数理论计算公式，该公式与室内模型试验和数值模拟结果的相对误差均在10%以内。【结论】揭示了分岔角度和流速对对称等径Y型岔管局部水头损失系数的影响规律，明确了二者对局部水头损失系数的影响机制，提出的局部水头损失系数理论计算公式准确可靠，与室内模型试验和数值模拟结果高度吻合，可为输水工程管网设计和局部水头损失研究提供理论和技术支撑。 |
| 关键词: 对称等径；Y型岔管；局部水头损失系数；数值模拟； |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025148 |
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| Theoretical and experimental study of local head loss in symmetrical equal-diameter Y-shaped branch pipes |
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ZHOU Congying, ZHANG Yuxing
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The Engineering and Technicial College of Chengdu University of Technology, Leshan 61400, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Accurate calculation of local head losses in symmetrical equal-diameter Y-shaped branch pipes is essential for the efficient design and operation of pipeline water delivery systems. Traditional calculation methods are prone to errors, especially in relation to the effects of bifurcation angle and flow velocity. We develop a theoretical formulation for quantifying the local head loss coefficient of these branch pipes, explicitly incorporating the influence of both geometric and hydraulic parameters.【Method】A theoretical equation for the local head loss coefficient was derived by combining the Bernoulli equation and the continuity equation, establishing its dependence on bifurcation angle and flow velocity. Accuracy of the equation was validated against experimental data and results simulated using the Fluent software. We then systematically examined how variations in bifurcation angle and flow velocity affect the local head loss coefficient in symmetrical equal-diameter Y-shaped branch pipes.【Result】①Linear regression of the experimental and simulation results shows a clear linear relationship between the pressure difference and velocity head, with the slope of the linear correlation increasing as the bifurcation angle increases. ② The local head loss coefficient increases with increasing bifurcation angle but decreases with increasing velocity head. ③ Compared with experimental data and the simulated results, the errors of the theoretical equation are less than 10%. These results identify the mechanisms through which bifurcation angle and flow velocity influence local head losses.【Conclusion】We investigated the influence of bifurcation angle and flow velocity on the local head loss coefficient of symmetrical equal-diameter Y-shaped branch pipes, from which we provide a reliable theoretical formula. The proposed formula agrees well with experimental data and simulated numerical results, offering a practical method to help design pipeline networks and elucidate local head losses in complex branching systems. |
| Key words: symmetrical equal diameter; Y-shaped bifurcated pipe; local head losses; numerical simulation |
