| 引用本文: | 马方雯,徐兴倩,赵 熹,等.基于土壤理化特性的古气候反演研究综述[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(11):116-125. |
| MA Fangwen,XU Xingqian,ZHAO Xi,et al.基于土壤理化特性的古气候反演研究综述[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(11):116-125. |
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| 摘要: |
| 归纳总结指示土壤古气候的物理、化学及生物指标研究现状，分析土壤古气候反演模型基本情况。从土壤理化性质出发，系统梳理可用于反演古气候（温度、降水等）的关键指标，对现有土壤反演模型进行分类总结，并分析各模型的优势、局限及其应用现状。因受土壤类型和区域分布的影响，结合经验公式对年均古温度、降水量、风化强度和沉积环境进行定量重建研究，国内外对土壤指标选用存在差异，但反演得到的古气候环境变化总体呈现较好的规律性。目前，针对区域性特殊陆相沉积土类的古气候反演研究较少；因缺乏气候文献资料和观测数据，古气候反演结果大多处于定性描述阶段；考虑土壤剖面取样密度受限及其时间尺度连续性对应问题，充分借助无损检测技术手段（如高光谱、探地雷达等），多途径多方法多指标对比分析以提高测年结果的可靠性；多学科交叉融合与气象数值计算模型引入将有助于提升气候模型精度及拓展其预测应用前景。 |
| 关键词: 土壤；磁化率；化学元素；介电常数；模型 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025044 |
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| A review of paleoclimate reconstruction based on soil physical and chemical properties |
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MA Fangwen, XU Xingqian, ZHAO Xi, WANG Haijun, WANG Yonghao, HUANG Shichuan, JIANG Xu
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1. College of Water Conservancy, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; 2. International College,
Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chengdu 610299, China;
4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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| Abstract: |
| Soils preserve critical geochemical and mineralogical information that records past climatic conditions. Consequently, soil physical, chemical, and biological properties have become important proxies for paleoclimate reconstruction. This study reviews recent advances in soil indicators that reflect paleoclimatic conditions and analyses the current status and development trends of soil-based paleoclimate inversion models. Based on soil physical and chemical characteristics, we systematically summarize key indicators used to infer paleoclimatic variables such as temperature and precipitation. Existing soil-based paleoclimate inversion models are classified and compared in terms of their principles, advantages, limitations, and application prospects. Because of variations in soil types and their regional distributions, quantitative reconstructions of paleotemperature, paleoprecipitation, weathering intensity, and depositional environments have largely relied on empirical relationships. Significant differences remain between research conducted in China and that abroad in terms of indicator selection and modeling approaches. Nonetheless, the overall consistency of reconstructed paleoclimate patterns among different research groups worldwide demonstrates the reliability of soil-based inversion methods. Limited research has focused on paleoclimate inversion of unique terrestrial sedimentary soil types in specific regions. Owing to the scarcity of long-term climate records and observational data, most existing inversions remain qualitative. Integrating multi-disciplinary approaches and numerical meteorological models is essential to improve the precision and robustness of soil-based paleoclimate reconstructions and enhance both forward and inverse climate simulations. |
| Key words: soil; magnetic susceptibility; chemical element; dielectric constant; model |
