| 引用本文: | 王 康,金小莉,李玉庆,等.青藏高原青稞腾发量模拟方法[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(12):1-8. |
| WANG Kang,JIN Xiaoli,LI Yuqing,et al.青藏高原青稞腾发量模拟方法[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(12):1-8. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示高原主要作物腾发机制，提出物理计算方法，提高西藏高原青稞腾发量模拟性能。【方法】将高原气象条件对能量和水文过程的影响与土壤-植物-大气连续体理论相耦合，提出了计算青稞腾发量的物理模型。采用2019、2021、2022年和2024年青稞生育期在西藏农牧学院实验小区实测腾发量，对模型进行验证和分析。【结果】模型率定期和验证期的N-S效率系数分别为0.820和0.747，模型率定期系统性偏差＜5%，模型验证期系统性偏差＜10%。高原气象条件下，青稞腾发量变化范围均显著超过了Penman-Monteith模型的计算值，与Penman-Monteith模型相比，所提出模型N-S效率系数提高了88.6%，相对均方根偏差降低了25.9%，系统性偏差和总偏差分别降低了55.1%和22.3%。基于Sobol的全局敏感性分析结果表明，在土壤水分满足青稞腾发需求的情况下，高原特征参数和能量转化参数的总敏感性显著超过驱动因子和通量传输参数，高原条件下的能量-水文关系和能量均衡机制显著影响腾发过程。【结论】本研究提出的模型能够充分描述高原气象条件对作物腾发量的影响机制，有效模拟了青稞腾发量。 |
| 关键词: 西藏高原；青稞；腾发量；能量-水文过程耦合；Penman-Monteith模型 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025232 |
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| A proposed model for simulating evapotranspiration of barley in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau |
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WANG Kang, JIN Xiaoli, LI Yuqing, ZHOU Zuhao
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1. State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
2. Water Conservancy Project and Civil Engineering College Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University,
Nyingchi 860000, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,
China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Evapotranspiration is a critical component of hydrological cycling and accurately estimating it is essential to improving water resource management in catchments. In this paper, we proposes a new model to stimulate the evapotranspiration of barley in the Tibetan Plateau.【Method】A physically-based model that integrates hydrological process and energy balance into the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum system was developed to simulate evapotranspiration; an experiment was conducted using lysimeters at the Experimental Station of Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University to measure the evapotranspiration of the barley during its growing season in 2019, 2021, 2022 and 2024 for model validation.【Result】The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient between evapotranspiration measured and simulated using the model was higher than 0.747, with mean and standard deviation errors less than 5% and 10%, respectively. Compared to evapotranspiration calculated using the Penman-Monteith formula, the proposed model improved the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient by 88.6%, reduced the relative root mean square error, systematic and total deviations by 25.9%, 55.1% and 22.3% respectively. In the study area, both the evapotranspiration of barley and its variability were significantly higher than those estimated by the Penman-Monteith formula. When soil moisture was sufficient to meet the demand of the barley, global sensitivity analysis revealed that the influence of the parameters characterizing climate and energy conversion on the evapotranspiration was significantly greater than that of other driving factors, such as net radiation and flux transmission parameters. The hydrology-energy relationship and energy balance had a substantial influence on the evapotranspiration of barley in the plateau. 【Conclusion】The proposed model accurately captured the fundamental mechanisms controlling the evapotranspiration of barley in the Tibetan Plateau, and can be used to simulate spatiotemporal changes in evapotranspiration of other crops in the region. |
| Key words: Tibetan Plateau; highland barley; evapotranspiration; coupling of the energy and hydrological processes; Penman-Monteith model |
