| 引用本文: | 李一,张晴雯,韦欣媛,等.新垦梯田外源碳添加下的快速培肥效应[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(12):28-38. |
| LI Yi,ZHANG Qingwen,WEI Xinyuan,et al.新垦梯田外源碳添加下的快速培肥效应[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(12):28-38. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】针对新垦梯田存在的有机质匮乏与肥力保蓄能力不足等关键问题，探索不同外源有机物料在新垦梯田中的快速培肥效应。【方法】在宁南山区新垦梯田设置7个处理，包括不施肥（CK）、单施化肥（NPK）及5种有机物料与化肥配施处理（NPK+BS（秸秆配腐熟菌剂）、NPK+BM（牛粪配腐熟菌剂）、NPK+BC（高有机质含量生物有机肥）、NPK+OF（有机肥）、NPK+CM（复合微生物肥料）），测定土壤养分量、有机碳组分、酶活性及玉米产量，分析了不同外源碳添加对土壤肥力和玉米产量的影响。【结果】①外源碳添加显著提高了土壤含水率、全氮量、铵态氮量、硝态氮量、有效磷量及微生物量氮量，对土壤体积质量、pH值和全磷量影响较小。②外源碳添加显著提高了土壤有机碳量，NPK+BM处理增幅最大，所有外源碳添加处理均显著提高了可溶性有机碳量、颗粒有机碳量、矿物结合态有机碳量和微生物量碳。③外源碳添加显著激活了土壤酶活性（β-葡萄糖苷酶、碱性磷酸酶和N-乙酰-β-D-葡萄糖苷酶），NPK+CM、NPK+BM处理土壤酶活性提高较多。④添加有机物料显著提高了玉米产量，其中NPK+BM处理增产效果最显著。【结论】外源碳添加对新垦梯田的土壤肥力和玉米产量具有显著的快速提升作用，其中复合微生物肥和粪肥处理效果尤为显著。 |
| 关键词: 新垦梯田；土壤；外源碳；土壤肥力 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025143 |
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| Effectiveness of exogenous carbon addition on accelerating soil fertility build-up and maize yield in newly constructed terraced farmland |
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LI Yi, ZHANG Qingwen, WEI Xinyuan, LI Mengni, SHI Yulong, HE Jinqin
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1. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 2. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Poor fertility and low organic matter content are critical constraints limiting the productivity of newly constructed farmland. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of applying exogenous carbon in accelerating soil fertility development in such soils. 【Method】A field experiment was conducted in a maize-growing newly constructed terraced land in a region in the mountainous southern Ningxia. It involved seven treatments: no fertilization (CK), chemical fertilization (NPK), and combinations of chemical fertilization with addition of five exogenous carbon materials: composted straw (NPK+BS), manure (NPK+BM), organic matter-rich bio-organic fertilizer (NPK+BC), organic fertilizer (NPK+OF), and compound microbial fertilizer (NPK+CM). In each treatment, we measured the change in physical and chemical soil properties, soil nutrients, components of organic carbon, as well as enzymatic activity and maize yield.【Result】Exogenous carbon addition significantly increased soil moisture content, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, MBN, MBC, SOC, as well as dissolved carbon, particulate and mineral-associated carbon, while exerting minimal effects on soil bulk density, pH, and total phosphorus. We also found that exogenous carbon notably enhanced the activities of β-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase, and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, with the NPK+CM and NPK+BM treatments showing the most pronounced effects on enzymatic activity and SOC accumulation. All carbon-amended treatments significantly improved maize yield, with NPK+BM achieving the highest grain yield. 【Conclusion】Exogenous carbon application can rapidly and significantly enhance soil fertility and maize yield in newly constructed terraced farmland. Among all tested treatments, combining chemical fertilization with either compound microbial fertilizer (NPK+CM) or manure (NPK+BM) was the most effective. These findings can help improve soil fertility build-up and crop productivity in newly constructed farmland. |
| Key words: newly constructed terraced farmland; soil; exogenous carbon; soil fertility |
