| 引用本文: | 唐秀英,孙中清,程 斌,等.基于熵权TOPSIS的农药喷雾实心圆锥喷头特性分析与评价[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(1):57-66. |
| TANG Xiuying,SUN Zhongqing,CHENG Bin,et al.基于熵权TOPSIS的农药喷雾实心圆锥喷头特性分析与评价[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(1):57-66. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】针对温室吊蔓作物喷雾作业中冠层结构复杂、空间受限等问题，分析不同喷头孔径与喷雾压力对喷雾角、雾滴粒径及流量稳定性的影响，确定最优喷头孔径与喷雾压力组合，从而提升药液在作物冠层的沉积均匀性和作业稳定性。【方法】选取7种喷头孔径（0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8 mm）的低压实心圆锥喷头，喷雾压力设置为0.45、0.55、0.65、0.75、0.85、0.95 MPa，利用高速摄像仪和雾滴测试卡分析不同孔径喷头的雾滴特性，研究不同孔径喷头的雾滴覆盖性、雾化质量与稳定性。【结果】①喷雾角随喷头孔径和喷雾压力的增大而增大，在喷头孔径为0.5~0.6 mm、喷雾压力为0.55~0.75 MPa条件下，喷雾角稳定分布于60°~80°的推荐区间内。②喷雾压力与喷头孔径交互作用对雾滴体积中值粒径有显著影响；当喷头孔径为0.3~0.6 mm、喷雾压力为0.65~0.85 MPa时，雾滴体积中值粒径集中于30~150 μm的最佳雾滴粒径范围，且雾滴相对粒径谱宽度＜1.3。③喷头孔径压力对喷药流量误差的影响显著；当喷头孔径为0.5~0.6 mm、喷雾压力为0.65~0.85 MPa时，喷头实际流量与标称流量的偏差最小，同一喷杆各喷头在喷药作业中的输出一致性和流量稳定性最佳。故推荐的参数交集区间为喷头孔径为0.5~0.6 mm，喷雾压力为0.65~0.75 MPa。【结论】熵权TOPSIS分析表明，喷头孔径为0.6 mm、喷雾压力为0.65 MPa时，雾滴穿透性、均匀性与雾化稳定性综合表现最优。 |
| 关键词: 实心圆锥喷头；雾滴粒径；熵权TOPSIS；吊蔓作物；立式喷杆 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025178 |
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| Optimization of low-pressure solid cone nozzle parameters for pesticide application on trellised crops in plastic greenhouses |
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TANG Xiuying, SUN Zhongqing, CHENG Bin, LIU Zhenglin, WANG Pei, ZHANG Yonghua, CHEN Lichang
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1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
2. College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background and Objective】Pesticide spraying operations for trellised crops in plastic greenhouses are constrained by complex canopy structures and limited operational space, leading to uneven pesticide deposition, high drift loss, and reduced control efficacy. Focusing on low-pressure solid cone nozzle, this paper addresses these challenges and proposes a method to optimize its application and operation parameters.【Method】A combination of high-speed imaging and water-sensitive paper was used in the experiment to characterize the droplet morphology; a time-based collection method was employed to measure nozzle flow rate. Multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to determine the significance of influencing factors (nozzle orifice diameter and spray pressure) on spray performance.【Result】①Spray angle increased with both nozzle orifice diameter and spray pressure. When the nozzle orifice diameter was 0.5-0.6 mm and the spray pressure was maintained at 0.55-0.75 MPa, the spray angle remained within the optimal range of 60°-80°, facilitating uniform canopy coverage and drift reduction. ②Analysis of droplet size parameters (volume median diameter, VMD; Dv10; Dv90; relative span, RS) showed that the interaction between nozzle orifice diameter and spray pressure had a statistically significant effect on VMD. When the nozzle orifice diameter was 0.3-0.6 mm and spray pressure was 0.65-0.85 MPa, VMD values fell within the biologically effective range of 30-150 μm, and RS values were consistently below 1.3, indicating a concentrated and uniform droplet size distribution that favours effective pesticide deposition. ③Flow rate tests revealed that when the orifice diameter was 0.5-0.6 mm and spray pressure was 0.65-0.85 MPa, the actual flow rate was highly consistent with the theoretical value; additionally, the effect of nozzle orifice diameter on flow rate was statistically significant. Our results indicated that optimal parameters were nozzle orifice diameter 0.5-0.6 mm and spray pressure 0.65-0.75 MPa.【Conclusion】Our analysis showed that the nozzle configuration with a 0.6 mm orifice diameter and 0.65 MPa spray pressure were optimal for pesticide spraying on trellised crops in plastic greenhouses. |
| Key words: solid cone nozzle; droplet size; entropy-weighted TOPSIS; trellised crops; vertical boom spraying |
