| 引用本文: | 王振业,李 楠,肖靖秀,等.水氮互作对间作玉米养分吸收累计和分配的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(3):46-53. |
| WANG Zhenye,LI Nan,XIAO Jingxiu,et al.水氮互作对间作玉米养分吸收累计和分配的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(3):46-53. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究水分和施氮对间作玉米生长的影响，分析不同水氮条件下间作玉米根茎叶的养分分配规律，为合理利用间作措施提高资源利用效率提供依据。【方法】田间试验设置常规施肥玉米单作和玉米大豆间作；盆栽试验设置玉米单作与玉米大豆间作2种种植模式，75 mg/kg（氮胁迫N1）、150 mg/kg（正常施氮N2）2个施氮水平，土壤含水率18%（水分胁迫W1）、24%（正常供水W2）2个水分水平观察玉米成熟期根茎叶养分积累量来确定养分分配的变化。【结果】田间试验中，与单作相比，间作使玉米产量显著提升24.0%。在盆栽试验中，水氮胁迫下，间作玉米大豆水分当量比为1.559，比常规水氮条件下显著提升14.9%。与单作相比间作玉米，各处理生物量积累和养分量均显著提高。其中，在N1W2处理下，间作玉米增产效果最好，根生物量积累显著提升86.0%，氮、钾质量占比分别提高54.0%、69.0%；茎生物量积累显著提升51.0%，氮、磷、钾质量占比分别提高34.0%、84.6%、58.0%，氮钾比显著降低19.0%；叶生物量积累显著提升39.0%，氮、磷、钾质量占比分别降低25.0%、46.9%、58.0%，氮钾比显著提高15.7%。【结论】水氮互作通过影响间作玉米的水分利用效率和养分吸收分配实现比单作玉米更高的生物量积累。N1W2处理有利于间作玉米的生物量积累。 |
| 关键词: 水氮互作；玉米；间作；养分分配 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025197 |
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| Water and nitrogen interactions regulate nutrient uptake, accumulation and allocation in intercropped maize |
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WANG Zhenye, LI Nan, XIAO Jingxiu, TANG Li, ZHENG Yi
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1. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
2. Yunnan Open University, Kunming 650599, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Water and nitrogen are two key factors influencing crop productivity, and their interaction plays a critical role in determining nutrient uptake and allocation in cropping systems. This study examines the combined effects of water and nitrogen on the growth of intercropped maize, as well as the spatiotemporal changes in nutrient allocation in its roots, stems and leaves.【Method】Experiments were conducted in the field and pots. The field experiment compared the yields of maize in monoculture and maize-soybean intercropping systems under conventional fertilization; the pot experiment evaluated the yields of the two cropping systems under two nitrogen fertilizations: 75 (nitrogen stress, N1) and 150 mg/kg (conventional, N2), with the soil water content maintained at 18% (water stress, W1) or 24% (conventional, W2). The accumulation of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in roots, stems and leaves was measured at the maturity stage.【Result】Maize-soybean intercropping in the field experiment increased maize yield by 24.0% compared with monoculture. In the pot experiment, the water equivalent ratio in the intercropping system under combined water and nitrogen stress was 1.559, which was 14.9% higher than that in conventional irrigation and nitrogen fertilization. The intercropped maize in all treatments significantly increased biomass accumulation and nutrient contents compared with monoculture, though the increase varied with treatment. Among all treatments, intercropping under N1W2 increased maize yield the most compared to monoculture; specifically, it increased root biomass by 86.0%, and nitrogen and potassium mass proportion by 54.0% and 69.0%, respectively; simultaneously, it also increased stem biomass by 51.0%, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mass proportions by 34.0%, 84.6%, and 58.0%, respectively, leaf biomass by 39.0%, and the nitrogen-to-potassium ratio increased by 15.7%; in contrast, it reduced the nitrogen-potassium ratio by 19.0%, and the mass proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by 25.0%, 46.9%, and 58.0%, respectively.【Conclusion】Water-nitrogen interactions substantially increased biomass accumulation in intercropped maize compared with monoculture due to the improved water use efficiency and optimized nutrient uptake and allocation. Among all treatments, applying 70 mg/kg of nitrogen combined with maintaining soil water content at 24% was most effective for promoting biomass production in the maize-soybean intercropping system. |
| Key words: water and nitrogen regulation; maize; intercropping; nutrient partitioning |
