| 引用本文: | 张志洋,李 洋,高菊玲,等.固体肥“添-溶-施”水肥一体化技术研究与应用[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(3):54-63. |
| ZHANG Zhiyang,LI Yang,GAO Juling,et al.固体肥“添-溶-施”水肥一体化技术研究与应用[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(3):54-63. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 【目的】解决传统固体肥水肥一体化设备中肥液质量浓度衰减快、无法精准调控的问题，推动固体肥料在水肥一体化中的高效应用。【方法】采用理论分析与试验验证相结合的方法，基于物质平衡原理与Hixson-Crowell溶解定律，建立了混肥桶内肥液质量浓度动态变化模型，开发了固体肥“添-溶-施”水肥一体化样机，通过室内外试验验证模型精度与设备性能。【结果】①构建的肥液质量浓度动态模型预测值与试验值吻合良好，平均偏差为9.67%，模型简化后仍保持较高精度，平均偏差为10.08%；②基于该模型研发的固体肥“添-溶-施”样机可实现肥液质量浓度的稳定调控，田间应用中喷头处肥液质量浓度均匀性良好，稳定维持在约1.66 g/L；③模型分析与试验验证表明，通过调控加肥质量流量与供水流量之比可实现肥液质量浓度的精准控制。【结论】构建的肥液质量浓度动态模型具备较高预测精度，且完整刻画了肥料“边添加、边溶解”的动态平衡；开发的固体肥“添-溶-施”水肥一体化样机施肥均匀性好；未来应考虑环境温度、水流紊动等外部因素对溶解过程的影响，进一步拓展模型的适用条件。 |
| 关键词: 水肥一体化；固体肥料；浓度调控；溶解机理 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025300 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Development and evaluation of a solid fertilizer addition-dissolution- application system for precision fertigation |
|
ZHANG Zhiyang, LI Yang, GAO Juling, HUANG Feng
|
|
1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, China;
2. School of Mechanical Engineering of Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China;
3. Jiangsu Modern Agricultural Equipment and Engineering Center, Jurong 212400, China;
4. Nanjing Wotian Intelligent Technology Company Limited, Nanjing 210046, China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Efficient fertigation of solid fertilizers is often constrained by rapid concentration attenuation and the difficulty of precise controlling fertilizer solution concentration in traditional equipment, reducing nutrient use efficiency. We developed and evaluated a novel fertigation system to address these issues and to increase effective application of solid fertilizers in fertigation.【Method】The system was developed based on theoretical analysis and experimental verification. A model describing the dynamics of fertilizer solution concentration in a fertilizer-mixing barrel was proposed based on mass balance theory and the Hixson-Crowell dissolution kinetics. A solid fertilizer addition-dissolution-application (ADA) fertigation prototype was then developed. The accuracy of the model and the performance of the prototype were verified through indoor and outdoor experiments.【Result】①The dynamic concentration change predicted by the model agreed well with experimental data, with an average error of 9.67%. A simplified version of the model remained accurate, with an average error of 10.08%. ②The effluent concentration of the prototype was stable. In field application, fertilizer solution concentration at the sprinkler nozzle was uniform and maintained at approximately 1.66 g/L. ③Both model analysis and experimental verification indicated that adjusting the ratio of fertilizer application flow rate to water supply flow rate enabled precise control of fertilizer solution concentration.【Conclusion】The constructed dynamic model for solid fertilizer dissolution kinetics was accurate and effectively captured the dynamic balance between fertilizer addition and dissolution. The prototype demonstrated good fertilization uniformity. Further improvements should consider the influence of other environmental factors such as ambient temperature and water flow turbulence on solid fertilizer dissolution. |
| Key words: fertigation; solid fertilizer; concentration regulation; dissolution mechanism |
