| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究河西走廊长日照洋葱高效节水灌溉制度。【方法】以“红锦”红皮洋葱为试验材料，设置6个灌水定额，分别为3 000 m3/hm2（T1）、3 675 m3/hm2（T2）、4 350 m3/hm2（T3）、5 025 m3/hm2（T4）、5 700 m3/hm2（T5）、7 650 m3/hm2（CK）。在采收期测定洋葱生长指标、产量和品质。【结果】①与CK相比，随灌水量的减少，地上干物质量无显著变化，但是土壤体积质量、孔隙度显著改善；与CK相比，T1、T2、T3、T4处理和T5处理的根系活力分别显著提高了6.72%、8.06%、31.45%、15.32%和46.77%，丙二醛量（果实）分别显著降低了4.93%、3.07%、28.95%、7.07%和62.57%；②随灌水量减少，与CK相比，T5处理的洋葱产量、可溶性糖量、可溶性蛋白量、维生素C量和洋葱油量均呈下降趋势，分别减少11.19%、5.18%、2.54%、1.17%和2.70%；但水分利用效率和灌溉水利用效率显著提升，分别提高11.59%和19.21%。T5处理的洋葱废菜率为3.46%，水分浪费率最低仅为3.28%。【结论】河西走廊长日照洋葱适宜的灌水定额为5 700 m3/hm2，此研究结果可为该区域洋葱高效节水生产提供理论依据和技术参考。 |
| 关键词: 河西走廊；长日照洋葱；节水灌溉；水分利用效率；水分浪费率 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025155 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Optimal water-saving irrigation for onion production in the Hexi Corridor |
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ZHANG Junfeng, LIU Shengming, AN Cuixiang, ZHANG Ting, SUN Caimei, ZHANG Huasheng
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1. Vegetable Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2. Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center of Jinchuan County, Jinchang City, Gansu Province,
Jinchang 737100, China; 3. Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The Hexi Corridor is a semi-arid region in Northwestern China, where water scarcity limits agricultural production, making improving irrigation water efficiency essential. Long-day onion is an important cash crop in the region, but its optimal water-saving irrigation remains elusive. This paper aimed to fill this knowledge gap, and experimentally explore suitable water-saving irrigation scheduling for long-day onion in this region.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a field, with the Hongjin red onion cultivar as the model plant. The experiment consisted of five irrigation treatments: 3 000 m3/hm2(T1), 3 675 m3/hm2(T2), 4 350m3/hm2(T3), 5 025 m3/hm2(T4), 5 700m3/hm2(T5); the control was irrigation of 7 650 m3/hm2 (CK). During the experiment, we measured the growth traits, yield and quality of the onion in each treatment.【Result】Compared with CK, reducing irrigation amount in the treatments did not result in significant effects on dry matter content, but reduced soil bulk density and increased soil porosity. Compared with CK, T1–T5 increased root activity by 6.72%, 8.06%, 31.45%, 15.32%, and 46.77%, respectively, and reduced malondialdehyde by 4.93%, 3.07%, 28.95%, 7.07%, and 62.57%, respectively. Reducing irrigation amount led to a decrease in onion yield. Compared with CK, T5 decreased onion yield and contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, vitamin C, and onion oil by 11.19%, 5.18%, 2.54%, 1.17%, and 2.70%, respectively, while increasing water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency by 11.59% and 19.21%, respectively. In T5, the discard rate of onion was 3.46%, while its water waste rate was only 3.28%.【Conclusion】Comprehensive analysis indicates that the optimal irrigation amount for long-day onion in the study region is 5 700 m3/hm2, which can be used as an improved irrigation strategy for red onion production in the Hexi Corridor and regions with similar soil type and climate. |
| Key words: Hexi Corridor; long-day onion; water-saving irrigation; water use efficiency; water waste rate |
