| 引用本文: | 任会朋,宁松瑞,颜 安.灌溉对中国干旱半干旱区苜蓿产量影响的整合分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(4):9-20. |
| REN Huipeng,NING Songrui,YAN An.灌溉对中国干旱半干旱区苜蓿产量影响的整合分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(4):9-20. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】定量分析灌溉对中国干旱半干旱区苜蓿产量的影响。【方法】分析2000—2025年公开发表且符合要求的不同灌溉处理苜蓿产量数据，采用统计分析、Meta-analysis等方法探究苜蓿的年产量、不同茬次产量对田间灌溉管理的响应特征。【结果】苜蓿年产量随纬度（35°—46° N）的增加而下降，35°—39° N纬度带的苜蓿年产量均值分别比39°—43° N、43°—46° N纬度带高33.96%和40.05%。此外，灌溉量为2 500~5 000 m3/hm2处理的苜蓿年产量均值最高（16 491 kg/hm2）、增产率为58.90%（p＜0.05）。苜蓿第1、第2、第3茬的产量均随灌溉量（0~5 000 m3/hm2）增加呈增加趋势。相同灌溉量下，苜蓿各茬次的产量均随收割茬次增加呈下降趋势。不同灌溉方法下，滴灌苜蓿的年产量均值最高（15 425 kg/hm2）、增产率为67.30%（p＜0.05）。与漫灌和喷灌相比，滴灌苜蓿第1、第2、第3茬的产量均最高，苜蓿各茬次产量均随收割茬次的增加呈下降趋势。【结论】为保障中国干旱半干旱区苜蓿高产稳产，建议35°—39° N、39°—43° N和43°—46° N纬度带适宜种植的苜蓿品种分别为MF4020、皇后、Adrenalin；35°—39° N、39°—43° N纬度带苜蓿采用滴灌、最优灌溉量分别为3 830 m3/hm2和2 152 m3/hm2，43°—46° N纬度带滴灌苜蓿的产量稳定、最优灌溉量为5 227 m3/hm2。本研究为中国干旱半干旱区苜蓿灌溉优化提供了理论指导。 |
| 关键词: 苜蓿品种；纬度；灌溉方法；产量；收割茬次；增产效应 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025139 |
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| Effects of irrigation on alfalfa yield in arid and semi-arid regions of China: A meta-analysis |
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REN Huipeng, NING Songrui, YAN An
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1. State Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Ecology and Environment in Arid Area, Xi’an University of Technology,
Xi’an 710048, China; 2. College of Prataculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Alfalfa is a key forage crop in the arid and semi-arid regions of China, where water availability is a major limiting factor for productivity. This paper aims to assess the effects of irrigation on alfalfa productivity in these regions.【Method】We analyzed publicly available alfalfa yield data under different irrigation treatments from 2000 to 2025 that met the inclusion criteria. Statistical and meta-analysis methods were used to explore the variations in annual yield and yields per cutting under different irrigation management practices.【Result】Annual alfalfa yield decreased with increasing latitude from 35° to 46° N. The mean annual yield of alfalfa in the 35°–39° N latitude zone was 33.96% and 40.05% higher than that in the 39o–43o N and 43o–46o N zones, respectively. For irrigation quotas in the range of 2 500 to 5 000 m3/hm2, the highest mean annual yield was 16 491 kg/hm2, and its average yield increase was by 58.90% (p＜0.05) compared to rainfed conditions. The yields of the first, second, and third cuttings increased as irrigation quota increased from 0 to 5 000 m3/hm2. When irrigation quota was the same, increasing cutting number reduced yield. Among all irrigation methods, drip irrigation resulted in the highest mean annual yield (15 425 kg/hm2) and an average yield increase of 67.30% (p＜0.05), compared to rainfed cultivation. Compared with flood and sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation achieved the highest yield for all cuttings, although the yield decreased progressively with increasing cutting number.【Conclusion】Sustaining high alfalfa yields in arid and semi-arid regions of China requires selecting suitable varieties for different latitude zones. Drip irrigation is most effective for the 35°–39° N and 39°–43° N zones, with optimal irrigation amounts of 3 830 and 2 152 m3/hm2, respectively. In the 43°–46° N zone, drip irrigation with an optimal irrigation amount of 5 227 m3/hm2 can ensure stable yield. These findings provide optimal irrigation strategies for improving alfalfa productivity in water-limited regions of China. |
| Key words: alfalfa cultivars; latitude; irrigation method; yield; cutting cycle; yield-increasing effect |
