干湿循环条件下淋水量及其频次对压砂砾石裂化的影响

黄亚浩; 李阳阳; 贾振江; 李王成; 吴洋洋; 马东祥; 高素素; 张一帆

引用本文:	黄亚浩,李阳阳,贾振江,等.干湿循环条件下淋水量及其频次对压砂砾石裂化的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(5):97-103.
	HUANG Yahao,LI Yangyang,JIA Zhenjiang,et al.干湿循环条件下淋水量及其频次对压砂砾石裂化的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(5):97-103.

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干湿循环条件下淋水量及其频次对压砂砾石裂化的影响
黄亚浩，李阳阳，贾振江，李王成，吴洋洋，马东祥，高素素，张一帆
1.宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院，银川 750021；2.宁夏回族自治区灵武市水利局，宁夏灵武 750499；3.省部共建西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室，银川 750021； 4.宁夏回族自治区黄河水联网数字治水重点实验室，银川 750021； 5.旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心，银川 750021

摘要:

【目的】探索干湿循环条件下淋水量及其频次对压砂砾石裂化效果的影响。【方法】基于室内干湿循环模拟试验，从宏观与微观视角出发，探究不同淋水量（W1：90 mL、W2：120 mL、W3：150 mL、W4：180 mL）与淋水频次（P1：1次、P2：2次、P3：3次）对砾石质量、风化碎屑物粒度组成及其微观结构的影响。【结果】淋水量与淋水频次对砾石的质量损失（＜2 mm）均具有极显著影响（P＜0.01），适当的淋水量配合高淋水频次对加速砾石裂化进程具有正向效应，其质量损失率在W3P3处理下可达极值（1.56%）；淋水量能够显著促进砾石风化碎屑物中砂粒、粉粒和黏粒的形成（P＜0.05）；淋水量与淋水频次的交互作用对风化产物中砂粒和粉粒占比的提升效果具有显著正向效应（P＜0.05）；淋水量与淋水频次对砾石表面裂纹数量及其孔洞开度的有效增加具有显著影响。【结论】当淋水量为150 mL，淋水频次为3次时，砾石的裂隙发育过程及其风化产物形成效果最佳，可作为加速其成壤化进程的有效干湿循环策略。

关键词: 干湿循环；砾石；淋水量；淋水频次；质量损失；粒度组成

DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025051

分类号:

基金项目:

Effects of water application rate and frequency on cracking of mulched gravel under wet-dry cycles

HUANG Yahao, LI Yangyang, JIA Zhenjiang, LI Wangcheng, WU Yangyang, MA Dongxiang, GAO Susu, ZHANG Yifan

1. School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; 2. Lingwu Water of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Lingwu 750499, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China, Yinchuan 750021, China; 4. Key Laboratory of the Internet of Water and Digital Water Governance of the Yellow River in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China; 5. Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750021, China

Abstract:

【Objective】Mulched gravel has widely used in arid and semi-arid regions for soil and water conservation, but its long-term effectiveness depends on its susceptibility to weathering and cracking under environmental stress. Wet–dry cycles are a key driver of gravel degradation, yet the combined effects of water application rate and frequency are poorly understood. This study aims to experimentally address this knowledge gap.【Method】The experiment was conducted in the laboratory and consisted of four water application rate treatments: 90 mL (W1), 120 mL (W2), 150 mL (W3) and 180 mL (W4), and three watering frequency treatments: once (P1) twice (P2) and three times (P3) per day. During the experiment, changes in gravel quality, particle size distribution of the weathered debris and their microstructure were measured at both macroscopic and microscopic scales.【Result】Water application rate and frequency significantly affected the quality loss of gravel particles with equivalent diameter＜2 mm (P＜0.01). When the water application rate reached a critical value, increasing watering frequency accelerated the cracking process, with the maximum gravel quality loss rate of 1.56% observed in the W3P3 treatment. Water application also promoted the formation of sand, silt and clay in the weathered debris (P＜0.05); the interactions between water application rate and watering frequency significantly increased the proportions of sand and silt in the weathered debris (P＜0.05). Both water application rate and watering frequency significantly affected the number of surface cracks and their propagation in the mulched gravels.【Conclusion】A water application rate of 150 mL combined with a watering frequency of three times per day was most effective for promoting crack development and weathered debris formation in the mulched gravels under wet-dry cycles. It can serve as a practical strategy to accelerate soil formation.

Key words: wet-dry cycle; mulched gravel; water drenching volume; water drenching frequency; quality loss; particle size composition