| 引用本文: | 魏 闯,席晓倩,雷成霞,等.基于DSSAT模型的新疆膜下滴灌花生灌溉施氮指标优化[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(6):58-68. |
| WEI Chuang,XI Xiaoqian,LEI Chengxia,et al.基于DSSAT模型的新疆膜下滴灌花生灌溉施氮指标优化[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(6):58-68. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探索新疆膜下滴灌花生适宜的灌溉施氮指标，研究不同水氮施用量对花生生长、产量及水氮利用效率的影响。【方法】基于田间试验，设置3个（低、中、高）灌溉水平（2022年为22.5、30、37.5 mm，2023年为30、37.5、45 mm）与2个（50%N和100%N）施氮水平（2022年为90 kg/hm2，2023年为118 kg/hm2），另设置1个空白对照（CK）。基于田间试验实测数据对CSM-CROPGRO-Peanut模型进行参数校准和验证，利用验证后的模型模拟不同灌溉施氮组合情景下的花生生长发育过程，分析不同水氮处理对花生生长、产量及耗水量的影响。【结果】校准后的模型对新疆膜下滴灌花生物候期、荚果产量、生物量、叶面积指数及土壤含水率的模拟值与实测值的绝对相对误差（ARE）平均值均低于15%，能够满足农田水氮调控对花生生长模拟精度的需求；与氮肥调控相比，灌水处理对花生生长及产量的影响更为显著；花生耗水量、荚果产量和水氮利用效率随灌水量的增加显著提高，当灌水量超过436.5 mm时，根据施氮量的不同，水氮利用效率的边际效益趋于平缓或下降。【结论】新疆膜下滴灌花生高产、高效及优质的灌溉施氮指标为灌水量436.5~490.5 mm、施氮量90~120 kg/hm2，可为新疆膜下滴灌花生灌溉施氮制度优化提供理论依据和数据支持。 |
| 关键词: CSM-CROPGRO-Peanut模型；耗水量；水分利用效率；氮肥偏生产力；熵权-TOPSIS法 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025367 |
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| Optimization of irrigation and nitrogen management for peanut under mulched drip irrigation in Xinjiang based on the DSSAT model |
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WEI Chuang, XI Xiaoqian, LEI Chengxia, ZHANG Xiaopei, CHEN Junwei
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1. Shanxi Conservancy Technical Institute, Yuncheng 044000, China;
2. Water Resource Institute for North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China;
3. The Yellow River Conservancy Commission Henan Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources, Zhengzhou 450000, China;
4. College of Water Conservancy Engineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China;
5. China Water Resources Beifang Investigation, Design and Research Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300222, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Water scarcity and inefficient nitrogen utilization are key constraints to agricultural production in Xinjiang. Using field experiments and numerical modelling, this paper investigates the optimal irrigation and nitrogen application rates for peanut production under mulched drip irrigation in Xinjiang.【Method】The experiment was conducted from 2022 to 2023 in a peanut field. It consisted of three irrigation treatments: 22.5, 30 and 37.5 mm in 2022, and 30, 37.5 and 45 mm in 2023. Each irrigation treatment had two fertilization treatments: applying 45 and 90 kg N/hm2 in 2022, and 59 and 118 kg N/ hm2 in 2023, with the no nitrogen fertilization treatment taken as the control. The experimental results were used to calibrated and validate the CSM-CROPGRO-Peanut model; the validated model was applied to elucidate how changes in irrigation and nitrogen fertilization affect crop growth, yield formation and water consumption.【Result】The model accurately simulated phenology, pod yield, biomass and leaf area index of the crop, with an average absolute relative error (ARE) less than 15%, meeting the requirements for field-scale simulation. Irrigation influenced peanut growth and yield more than nitrogen application. With increasing irrigation amount, water consumption, pod yield and both water and nitrogen use efficiency increased, while the nitrogen and water use efficiency plateaued and declined when irrigation exceeded 436.5 mm.【Conclusion】Considering yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency, and seed quality, entropy weight-TOPSIS analysis showed that the optimal irrigation and nitrogen combination for peanut production under mulched drip irrigation in Xinjiang is irrigating 436.5-490.5 mm of water and applying 90-120 kg/hm2 of nitrogen. This can be used as a reference for optimal water and nitrogen management in peanut cultivation in arid regions similar to Xinjiang. |
| Key words: CSM-CROPGRO-Peanut model; water consumption; water use efficiency; nitrogen partial factor productivity; en-tropy weight-TOPSIS method |
