| 引用本文: | 李树岩,李军玲,董宛麟,等.不同夏玉米品种间混作的花期耐高温增产效应分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(7):28-35. |
| Li Shuyan,Li Junling,Dong Wanlin,et al.不同夏玉米品种间混作的花期耐高温增产效应分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(7):28-35. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同间混作组合方式下夏玉米花期耐高温的增产效应，为夏玉米花期高温抗逆栽培提供理论依据。【方法】2017年在河南省许昌市开展了多品种间混作试验，以产量性状稳定、较耐花期高温的德单5号为主试品种，以郑单958、先玉335、伟科702和登海605为参试品种，将主试品种与4个参试品种分别进行间作和混作处理，研究分析各夏玉米品种间混作模式中株高、穗位高、果穗性状、产量结构及群体产量等变化。【结果】德单5号与郑单958间作、与4个参试品种混作模式中株高均显著降低，与先玉335间作模式中株高显著升高。不同间混作模式下穗位高的变化与株高变化趋势类似。德单5号在间混作模式中产量要素指标均变化不显著，但参试品种在间混作模式中多项指标变化显著：先玉335和伟科702在间混作种植模式中果穗长较单作显著增加9.3%~18.0%；郑单958和伟科702间混作模式中秃尖较单作显著减少0.1~0.9 cm。伟科702间作、先玉335间混作、郑单958和登海605在混作模式中穗粒数较单作显著增加8.5%~20.8%。除德单5号与先玉335间作外，其他间混作模式中参试品种的百粒质量均较单作显著增加4.2%~5.4%。间混作种植模式中参试品种的产量增幅在2.1%~21.9%，德单5号与伟科702、先玉335间混作，与登海605混作模式的土地当量比接近1.1。【结论】德单5号与伟科702、先玉335间混作，与登海605混作群体产量明显提升，可作为花期耐高温增产的间混作种植模式。 |
| 关键词: 间混作；花期高温；增产效应；夏玉米 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025226 |
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| Intercropping and mixed cropping of maize varieties enhances flowering-stage heat tolerance and grain yield |
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Li Shuyan, Li Junling, Dong Wanlin, Pang Xinyue, Li Hongping, Shao Ruixin, Liu Tianxue
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1. CMA·Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique, Zhengzhou 450003, China;
2. Henan Meteorological Observation Data Center, Zhengzhou 450003, China; 3. Henan Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Zhengzhou 450003, China; 4. China Meteorological Administration Training Centre, Beijing 100081, China;
5. Zhoukou Meteorological Administraition, Zhoukou 466000, China; 6. Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Summer maize is sensitive to heat stress during its flowering stage. This paper explored the efficacy of intercropping and mixing various maize cultivars in improving their tolerance to heat stress during the flowering stage and enhancing population grain yield.【Method】A field experiment was conducted in 2017 in Xuchang City, Henan Province. The Dedan 5, a high-yield variety with strong heat tolerance, was intercropped or mix-cropped with four matching varieties: Zhengdan 958, Xianyu 335, Weike 702, and Denghai 605. During the experiment, we measured plant height, ear height, ear morphological traits, yield components, individual yield, and population grain yield.【Result】The plant height of Dedan 5 was significantly reduced when intercropped with Zhengdan 958 or mixe-cropped with the other four varieties, but markedly increased when intercropped with Xianyu 335. Change in ear height was consistent with the change of plant height in all treatments. Intercropping or mix-cropping did not induce significant alteration in yield components of Dedan 5, but significantly improved the phenotypic traits of other matching varieties. Compared with monoculture, intercropping and mixed-cropping significantly increased the ear length of Xianyu 335 and Weike 702 by 9.3%-18.0%, while reducing the bald tip length of Zhengdan 958 and Weike 702 by 0.1-0.9 cm. Intercropping with Weike 702, intercropping and mix-cropping with Xianyu 335, and mix-cropping with Zhengdan 958 and Denghai 605 increased the kernel number per ear of Dedan 5 by 8.5%-20.8%. Except for the Dedan 5–Xianyu 335 intercropping, intercropping or mix-cropping with Dedan 5 increased the 100-kernel weight of other varieties by 4.2%-5.4%. Overall, intercropping and mix-cropping increased the yield of the matching varieties by 2.1%-21.9%. Intercropping or mix-cropping Dedan 5 with Weike 702 and Xianyu 335, and mix-cropping Dedan 5 with Denghai 605 reached a land equivalent ratio of 1.1.【Conclusion】 Intercropping Dedan 5 with Weike 702 or Xianyu 335, and mix-cropping Dedan 5 with Weike 702, Xianyu 335 and Denghai 605 effectively improved maize population yield. These combinations can be used as optimized cultivation practices to enhance flowering-stage heat tolerance and increase population yield of summer maize production in the region. |
| Key words: intercropping and mixed cropping; high temperature at flowering stage; yield-increasing effect; summer maize |
