| 引用本文: | 王家琪,张书红,刘艳梅,等.滴灌条件下减施氮肥对玉米产量及经济效益的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(7):52-59. |
| Wang Jiaqi,Zhang Shuhong,Liu Yanmei,et al.滴灌条件下减施氮肥对玉米产量及经济效益的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(7):52-59. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确黄淮海地区玉米滴灌条件下适宜的氮肥用量，优化玉米滴灌种植的氮肥管理方案，对比不同氮肥梯度下玉米农艺性状、产量及经济效益的差异，为区域玉米绿色高效生产提供理论依据。【方法】采用单因素随机区组设计，设置传统种植（CK，270 kg/hm2）、滴灌种植（T1，270 kg/hm2）、滴灌减氮15%（T2，229.5 kg/hm2）、滴灌减氮30%（T3，190.5 kg/hm2）、滴灌减氮45%（T4，148.5 kg/hm2）共5个处理，研究滴灌条件下不同施氮水平对玉米关键生育期农艺性状、叶面积指数、干物质积累动态、产量构成因子及经济效益的影响。【结果】滴灌条件下减氮15%未对玉米的生长发育造成影响；减氮≥30%玉米产量、穗长、穗行数、行粒数显著降低，秃尖长显著升高，叶面积指数中后期较T1处理下降、干物质量降低。经济效益上，滴灌条件下减氮15%净收益最高，较其他处理高81.0~2 433.0元/hm2。【结论】在黄淮海地区玉米季滴灌条件下，减施氮肥15%（230 kg/hm2）可在未造成显著减产的同时较传统种植模式增收792.0元/hm2。 |
| 关键词: 玉米；减施氮肥；产量；群体生长动态；经济效益 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025046 |
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| Combined effects of reducing nitrogen fertilizer application and drip irrigation on yield and economic benefit of maize production |
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Wang Jiaqi, Zhang Shuhong, Liu Yanmei, Liu Zhenying, Lin Yingshuo,
Fang Tiantian, Wen Guangchao, Hu Zebin, Ren Rongkui
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Henan Xinlianxin Chemical Industry Group Co., LTD., Xinxiang 453700, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Excessive nitrogen application is often adopted by farmers as an insurance practice in maize production in the Huang-Huai-Hai region of China, which constitutes a major cause of agricultural non-point source pollution. To optimize nitrogen management, this study explored the combined effects of nitrogen reduction and drip irrigation on maize agronomic traits, yield and economic benefits, aiming to establish a rational nitrogen fertilization strategy for sustainable maize production in this region.【Method】The field experiment consisted of five treatments: conventional fertilization (CK, 270 kg/hm2) and irrigation, drip irrigation with conventional nitrogen fertilization (T1), drip irrigation with 15% nitrogen reduction (T2, 229.5 kg/hm2), 30% nitrogen reduction (T3, 190.5 kg/hm2), and 45% nitrogen reduction (T4, 148.5 kg/hm2), compared to T1. In each treatment, we measured the agronomic traits, leaf area index, dynamic dry matter accumulation, yield components and economic benefits of the maize at its key growth stages.【Result】Reducing 15% nitrogen application did not have an adverse effect on maize growth and development. However, reducing 30% or more nitrogen application led to significant declines in maize yield, ear length, rows per ear and kernels per row, and notably increased the bare tip length; it also reduced the leaf area index during the middle and late growth stages and dry matter accumulation, compared with T1. Reducing 15% nitrogen application gave the highest net income, 81.0-2 433.0 yuan/hm2 higher than other treatments.【Conclusion】Comprehensive analysis showed that reducing nitrogen application from 270 kg/hm2 to 230 kg/hm2 combined with drip irrigation is optimal for maize production in the Huang-Huai-Hai; it increased net income by 792.0 yuan/hm2 compared with conventional nitrogen fertilization and irrigation. |
| Key words: maize; nitrogen reduction; yield; population growth dynamics; economic benefits |
