| 引用本文: | 王灵湘,刘丽平,汪晓轩,等.基于AquaCrop模型的西北旱区膜下滴灌春玉米灌溉制度优化[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(8):74-85. |
| Wang Lingxiang,Liu Liping,Wang Xiaoxuan,et al.基于AquaCrop模型的西北旱区膜下滴灌春玉米灌溉制度优化[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(8):74-85. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确AquaCrop模型在西北旱区膜下滴灌春玉米生长及产量模拟中的适用性，探究不同降水年型下的最优灌溉制度。【方法】该研究基于2020—2021年田间试验数据对模型参数进行校正和验证，利用校正后的模型模拟了10种灌溉定额（300~740 mm，W1—W10）、3种灌溉分配模式（拔节期、抽穗期、灌浆期侧重，I1、I2、I3）及3种降水年型（丰水年、平水年、枯水年，N1、N2、N3）共90种情景对玉米产量（Y）和灌溉水生产力（IWP）的影响。【结果】模型在验证年的模拟效果良好，冠层覆盖度（CC）和地上生物量（B）的归一化均方根误差（NRMSE）均≤9.33%，一致性指数d≥0.98，决定系数R2≥0.98，而产量相对误差介于3.76%~7.08%；灌溉定额、灌溉分配模式及降水年型对Y和IWP影响显著，在相同灌溉定额下，I2处理的产量显著高于I1和I3；Y随灌溉定额增加呈“先增后降”的二次曲线特征，而IWP呈单调递减趋势。【结论】在协同权衡产量与灌溉水生产力的前提下，丰水年、平水年和枯水年推荐的灌溉定额分别为400、440 mm和480 mm，且推荐在抽穗期集中灌水。研究可为西北旱区膜下滴灌春玉米的精细化灌溉管理与农业水资源高效利用提供理论指导与技术支撑。 |
| 关键词: 玉米；膜下滴灌；AquaCrop模型；产量；灌溉水生产力；西北旱区 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2026017 |
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| Optimization of irrigation quota and scheduling for drip-irrigated spring maize in plastic-mulched fields of Northwestern China |
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Wang Lingxiang, Liu Liping, Wang Xiaoxuan, Zhang Liuyulei, Yang Shengju, Tong Ling
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1. State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
2. National Field Observation and Research Station (Gansu Wuwei) for Efficient Water Utilization in Oasis Agriculture, Wuwei 733009, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Spring maize production in arid northwest China relies heavily on irrigation. Irrigation amount and scheduling thus exert considerable impacts on crop growth and yield. Using a crop model, this paper models the effects of drip irrigation scheduling on growth and yield of spring maize in plastic-mulched fields in the region.【Method】The modelling was based on field data collected during the 2020–2021 growing seasons. These data were used to calibrate and validate the AquaCrop model first, and the validated model was then used to simulate the responses of maize growth and yield (Y) to different irrigation scenarios. We set 10 irrigation quotas ranging from 300 to 740 mm (W1–W10), and three irrigation modes that prioritized water supply at the jointing stage (I1), tasseling stage (I2), or grain-filling stage (I3). The simulations covered three precipitation year types: wet year (N1), normal year (N2) and dry year (N3).【Result】The AquaCrop model satisfactorily reproduced the crop growth and yield dynamics; its normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) for canopy cover (CC) and aboveground biomass (B) was ≤9.33%, while the index of agreement (d) and coefficient of determination (R2) were both ≥0.98. The relative errors between simulated and measured maize yield ranged from 3.76% to 7.08%. Simulation results showed that irrigation quota, irrigation allocation prioritization, and precipitation year type all significantly affected maize yield and irrigation water productivity. Under the same irrigation quota, prioritizing irrigation at the tasseling stage produced significantly higher yield than at the jointing stage (I1) and grain-filling stage (I3). With increasing irrigation quota, maize yield varied quadratically: rising first and then declining, while irrigation water productivity decreased monotonically.【Conclusion】Considering both maize yield and irrigation water productivity, the optimal irrigation quota was 400、440 mm and 480 mm for wet, normal and dry year, respectively, with irrigation water preferentially applied during the tasselling stage. This irrigation scheduling can be used for drip-irrigated spring maize production in plastic-mulched fields in arid regions in Northwestern China. |
| Key words: maize; drip irrigation under plastic mulch; AquaCrop model; yield; irrigation water productivity; Northwest dry zone |
