| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究复配改良剂对红壤的改良效果，为保护区域生态环境和保障区域农业可持续发展提供理论和技术参考。【方法】以生物炭、石灰和腐植酸3种改良剂按标准的正交试验组合成16种不同配比的复配改良剂，通过室内土壤培养试验研究16种复配改良剂对红壤理化性质的影响，并采用灰色关联度分析和产投比分析评价16种复配改良剂对红壤的综合改良效果和经济效益。【结果】3种材料复合施用均可有效降低土壤体积质量和酸性、增大总孔隙率和田间持水率、提高土壤养分（铵态氮、硝态氮、速效钾、全磷）、有机质量和土壤团聚体结构稳定性。改良效果最优的组合为M11处理（生物炭2.60 g/kg、石灰1.20 g/kg和腐植酸2.00 g/kg）；与对照组（CK）相比，M11处理的pH值由5.80提升到7.18，体积质量降低15.94%，总孔隙率增加54.55%，田间持水率增加34.27%，大于0.25 mm团聚体量增加17.56%，土壤团聚体平均质量直径增加26.03%、几何平均直径增加39.58%、分形维数降低0.17，有机质量增加39.18%，铵态氮、硝态氮和速效钾量分别增加23.89、33.10 mg/kg和63.08 mg/kg，全磷量增加0.60 g/kg。【结论】生物炭、石灰和腐植酸复合施用可有效改良酸性红壤理化性质，综合考虑改良效果和经济效益，推荐复配改良剂配方为生物炭2.60 g/kg、石灰1.20 g/kg和腐植酸2.00 g/kg。 |
| 关键词: 红壤；复配改良剂；正交试验；土壤理化性质；土壤改良；灰色关联度 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025365 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Efficacy of combined application of biochar, lime and humic acid in improving physical and chemical properties of degraded acidic red soil |
|
Zhou Guo, Sheng Feng
|
|
1. School of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Water Environment Treatment and Ecological Restoration, Changsha 410114, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Acidic red soil is widely distributed in southern China. It is characterized by high acidity, poor structure and low organic matter and nutrient availability. This study investigated the combined effects of biochar, lime and humic acid on improving physicochemical properties of such soils.【Method】The study was based on laboratory incubation experiments and compared sixteen combinations of the three amendments applied at different ratios into the soil. At the end of the experiment, we measured the physical and biochemical properties of the soil in each treatment. Comprehensive soil improvement effects were evaluated using grey correlation analysis, and economic efficiency was calculated via input-output ratio analysis.【Result】Combined application of biochar, lime and humic acid not only effectively reduced soil bulk density and acidity, and increased field water-holding capacity, but also elevated the contents of soil organic matter, ammonium-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, available potassium and total phosphorus; it also improved soil aggregate stability. Among all treatments, applying 2.60 g/kg of biochar, 1.20 g/kg of lime and 2.00 g/kg of humic acid yielded the optimal soil environment for crop growth. Compared with the untreated soil, this optimal treatment increased soil pH from 5.80 to 7.18, and raised soil porosity and field water-holding capacity by 54.55% and 34.27%, respectively. It also increased the content of ＞0.25 mm water-stable aggregates, aggregate mean weight diameter and geometric mean diameter by 17.56%, 26.03% and 39.58%, respectively, while reducing the aggregate fractal dimension by 0.17. In addition, this treatment increased soil organic matter content by 39.18%, and raised ammonium-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, available potassium and total phosphorus contents by 23.89、33.10、63.08 mg/kg and 0.60 g/kg, respectively, relative to the control.【Conclusion】Combined application of biochar, lime and humic acid can effectively improve physicochemical properties of the degraded acidic red soil. Among all examined treatments, the combined application of 2.60 g/kg biochar, 1.20 g/kg lime and 2.00 g/kg humic acid showed the best comprehensive improvement effect on soil physicochemical properties. |
| Key words: red soil; compound amendment; orthogonal experiment; soil physical and chemical properties; soil improvement; grey relational analysis |
