| 引用本文: | 林小兵,陈国钧,孙永明,等.土壤质地对茶园土壤孔隙和水分特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(8):105-112. |
| Lin Xiaobing,Chen Guojun,Sun Yongming,et al.土壤质地对茶园土壤孔隙和水分特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(8):105-112. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示茶园土壤质地的空间变异特征及其对土壤孔隙与水分的调控机制。【方法】以江西省7个重点产茶区的72个典型茶园为对象，测定土壤颗粒组成（砂粒量、粉粒量、黏粒量）、土壤体积质量、孔隙度、三相组成及饱和持水量、田间持水量、相对含水率等关键指标，研究土壤质地对茶园土壤孔隙和水分特性的影响。【结果】①研究区茶园土壤质地类型多样，以壤质黏土（37.50%）和粉质黏土（20.83%）为主，其中土壤砂粒量空间变异最强（变异系数52.25%）。土壤质地显著影响土壤物理结构，黏质壤土体积质量显著高于粉质黏土、砂质壤土和壤质黏土；而壤质黏土具有更优的孔隙结构，其总孔隙度显著高于砂质壤土和黏质壤土。②土壤质地是调控茶园土壤持水能力的关键因子，其中壤质黏土的饱和持水量最高（415.02 mg/kg），而黏土维持有效水分的能力最强（相对含水率为54.07%）。③土壤砂粒量随海拔和坡度增加而显著增多，随经纬度及建园年限增加而显著减少；土壤粉粒量与经纬度和建园年限显著正相关，与海拔、坡度及坡向显著负相关；土壤黏粒量与相对含水率和经纬度显著正相关，与海拔显著负相关。【结论】综上可知，江西省茶园土壤质地主要受地形（海拔）和地理因子的协同影响，并具有显著的空间异质性，壤质黏土在维持良好孔隙结构和饱和持水能力方面表现最佳，而黏土在保蓄有效水分方面更具优势。 |
| 关键词: 土壤质地；茶园；颗粒组成；土壤孔隙；土壤水分 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025402 |
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| Effects of soil texture on pore structure and water retention of soil in tea plantation |
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Lin Xiaobing, Chen Guojun, Sun Yongming, Huang Shangshu, Wang Binqiang, He Shaolang, Xu Hui, Wan Xiaobing, Lei Liwen
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Key Laboratory of Arable Land Improvement and Quality Improvement of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources, Nanchang 330046, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Soil texture is an important factor affecting soil pore structure and water retention capacity, which control plant-available soil water. This paper investigates the spatial variation in soil texture in tea plantations and its regulatory effects on soil pore structure and soil water content. 【Method】We studied 72 typical tea plantations across seven major tea-producing regions in Jiangxi Province. We measured soil particle composition, bulk density, total porosity, three-phase composition, saturated water-holding capacity, field capacity and relative water content of soil samples collected from these plantations.【Result】Soil texture in the study area was diverse, dominated by loamy clay (37.50%) and silty clay (20.83%). Sand content showed the highest spatial variability, with a coefficient of variation of 52.25%. Soil texture significantly affected soil physical structure. Clay loam had a significantly high bulk density than silty clay, sandy loam and loamy clay, while loamy clay featured favorable soil pore structure and high total porosity compared with sandy loam and clay loam. Soil texture is a key factor regulating soil water retention. Loamy clay had the highest saturated water-holding capacity (415.02 mg/kg), while clay soil exhibited the strongest available water retention capacity, with a relative water content of 54.07%. Correlation analysis revealed that sand particle content increased significantly with elevation and slope, but decreased significantly with longitude, latitude and plantation age. Silt particle content was significantly positively correlated with longitude, latitude and plantation age, and negatively correlated with elevation, slope and aspect. Clay particle content was significantly positively correlated with relative soil water content, longitude and latitude, and negatively correlated with elevation.【Conclusion】Soil texture in the tea plantations of Jiangxi Province is spatially heterogeneous, mainly controlled by topographic and geographical factors. Loamy clay exhibited the optimal soil pore structure and saturated water-holding capacity, whereas clay soil performed best in retaining available soil water. |
| Key words: soil texture; tea plantations; particle composition; soil pore; soil moisture |
