| 引用本文: | 雷晶晶,姚素梅,黄 超,等.滴灌不同土壤湿润比和施肥量对红豆杉光合特性和叶片结构的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(9):67-75. |
| Lei Jingjing,Yao Sumei,Huang Chao,et al.滴灌不同土壤湿润比和施肥量对红豆杉光合特性和叶片结构的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(9):67-75. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】解决红豆杉栽培中水肥利用效率不高的问题，探究滴灌条件下适宜红豆杉幼苗生长的土壤湿润比（即局部湿润的土壤范围与总面积的比值）与施肥量组合。【方法】于2023年和2024年红豆杉生长季开展二因素田间试验，设置土壤湿润比（45%、60%、75%）与施肥量（0、3、4.2 kg/m3）共9个处理，测定叶片光合参数、叶绿素量及叶片解剖结构。【结果】湿润比和施肥量对光合特性与叶片结构均有显著影响。相同施肥量条件下，光合与叶绿素指标随湿润比增加呈先升高后降低的趋势；相同湿润比条件下，施肥处理显著优于不施肥，且适量增肥可进一步提升效果。60%滴灌湿润比与4.2 kg/m3施肥量处理下的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、叶绿素量及叶片中脉结构、栅栏组织厚度均显著优于其他处理。适宜湿润比是肥效充分发挥的前提，TOPSIS综合评价结果表明，60%湿润比配合4.2 kg/m3施肥量处理为最优组合。【结论】滴灌湿润比60%与施肥量4.2 kg/m3可作为促进红豆杉光合性能与叶片发育、实现节水节肥的适宜水肥管理方案。 |
| 关键词: 红豆杉；滴灌；土壤湿润比；施肥量；光合特性；叶片结构 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2026014 |
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| Effects of drip-irrigation wetted-zone size and fertilization rate on photosynthesis and leaf structure of Taxus chinensis seedlings |
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Lei Jingjing, Yao Sumei, Huang Chao, Gao Jian, Wang Yonggang, Pan Long, Zhang Yuhao, Shen Zongkui
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1. School of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China;
2. Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China;
3. People’s Government of Guguzhai Town, Xinxiang County, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453700, China;
4. Xinxiang Institute of Engineering, Xinxiang 453700, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Taxus chinensis has important medicinal, ornamental and ecological value. Its seedling development is sensitive to soil water and nutrient availability. This study experimentally evaluated suitable wetted zone size under drip irrigation and fertilizer application rate for promoting seedling growth and improving water- and fertilizer-use efficiency.【Method】The experiment was conducted during the 2023 and 2024 growing seasons. It involved three irrigation treatments and three fertilization treatments. The irrigation treatments were defined by the ratio of wetted-zone area to total soil-profile area, which was set at 45%, 60%, and 75%. Each irrigation treatment had three fertilizer application rates: 0, 3.0, and 4.2 kg/m3. During the experiment, photosynthetic traits, chlorophyll content and leaf anatomical characteristics were measured in each treatment.【Result】Both the wetted-zone size and fertilizer application rate significantly affected photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, and leaf anatomical development. When fertilizer application was the same, photosynthetic and chlorophyll traits showed a unimodal response to increasing wetted-zone size, initially increasing and then decreasing. When wetted-zone size was the same, fertilization significantly increased photosynthetic and chlorophyll traits compared to the unfertilized control. A moderate increase in fertilizer application rate further enhanced these responses. A wetted-zone coverage of 60%, combined with a fertilizer application rate of 4.2 kg/m3, resulted in the highest net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, midrib development, and palisade tissue thickness among all treatments. These results suggest that optimizing the size of the wetted zone is important for maximizing fertilizer-use efficiency. TOPSIS-based comprehensive evaluation indicated that the combination of a 60% of wetted-zone coverage and 4.2 kg/m3 fertilizer application was optimal for Taxus chinensis seedling growth.【Conclusion】Under the experimental conditions, maintaining a 60% wetted-zone coverage combined with a fertilizer application rate of 4.2 kg/m3 was optimal for promoting photosynthetic performance and leaf structural development in Taxus chinensis seedlings, while improving water- and fertilizer-use efficiency. |
| Key words: Taxus chinensis; drip irrigation; soil moisture ratio; fertilization rate; photosynthetic characteristics; leaf structure |
