| 引用本文: | 袁 艺,龙荣华,陶 婧,等.不同水肥供应量及施用方式对菠菜产量和品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(6):19-24. |
| YUAN Yi,LONG Ronghua,TAO Jing,et al.不同水肥供应量及施用方式对菠菜产量和品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(6):19-24. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】针对蔬菜生产中水肥过量供应造成水肥利用率过低且污染环境的问题，以菠菜为材料，研究使用太阳辐射量灌溉控制仪进行水肥管理时，不同水肥供应量对菠菜产量及品质的影响，以期为高效生产优质叶菜类蔬菜的水肥供应方式及供应量提供理论依据与技术支撑。【方法】试验使用太阳辐射量灌溉控制仪进行水肥管理，当太阳辐射量累积值达到设定阈值时会进行定量灌溉，通过该仪器设置4个处理（W1处理低水肥、W2处理中水肥、W3处理高水肥、W4处理中水无肥）和对照W5处理（传统栽培）共5个处理，研究不同水肥量及水肥施用方式对菠菜产量和品质的影响。【结果】W5处理的株高和产量都低于W2处理和W3处理，硝酸盐量、栽培后土壤中NO3--N量和土壤EC值在所有处理中最高。W1处理和W4处理的株高及产量在所有处理中最低，其中W4处理的硝酸盐量、栽培后土壤中NO3--N量和土壤EC值在所有处理中最低。W2处理和W3处理的株高和产量都是所有处理中最高的，W2处理和W3处理之间的株高和产量差异不显著，而W3处理的水肥供应量是W2处理的1.4倍，且W3处理叶片内硝酸盐量是W2处理的1.4倍且差异显著。【结论】使用太阳辐射量灌溉控制仪进行菠菜栽培时，水肥供应方案以W2处理为宜。 |
| 关键词: 菠菜；水肥供应量；灌溉方式；水肥一体化；硝酸盐量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022476 |
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| Effect of Amount and Method of Irrigation and Fertilization on Yield and Quality of Spinach |
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YUAN Yi, LONG Ronghua, TAO Jing, WANG Qian, LI Shikai
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Horticultural Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Low water and fertilizer use efficiency and environmental pollution caused by excessive water and fertilizer supply are common in vegetable production. Taking spinach as an example, this paper studies the effect of irrigation and fertilization amount and method on its yield and quality.【Method】The experiment was conducted using a solar radiation irrigation controller to manage the irrigation and fertilization in that it started irrigation and fertigation when the accumulated solar radiation reached a pre-set threshold. We compared four treatments: low irrigation and fertilization (W1), moderate irrigation and fertilization (W2), sufficient irrigation and fertilization (W3), moderate irrigation without fertilization (W4). The control was conventional irrigation and fertilization used by local farmers (CK).【Result】The height and yield of the spinach in W5 were lower than that in W2 and W3. W5 led to the highest nitrate content in spinach and highest EC in soil after harvest. The height and yield of the spinach in W1 and W4 were the lowest. Nitrate content in the spinach, nitrate content and EC in the soil were the lowest in W4. W2 and W3 gave the highest plant height and yield. There was no significant difference in plant height and yield between W2 and W3, even though W3 used 1.4 times more water and fertilizer than W2. Nitrate content in spinach leaves in W3 was 1.4 times higher than that in W2.【Conclusion】For all treatments we compared, W2 was optimal for reducing water and nitrogen application without compromising spinach yield and quality. |
| Key words: spinach; availability of water and fertilizer; irrigation methods; water and fertilizer integration; nitrate content |
