| 引用本文: | 焦士兴,王安周,刘家乐,等.基于能值水生态足迹模型的中部六省水资源利用评价[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(2):11-18. |
| JIAO Shixing,WANG Anzhou,LIU Jiale,et al.基于能值水生态足迹模型的中部六省水资源利用评价[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(2):11-18. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】定量评价中部六省水资源真实利用状况。【方法】基于能值理论，研究了中部六省能值水生态承载力等时空格局，分析了能值水生态足迹的构成。【结果】①中部六省能值水生态足迹呈波动上升趋势，能值水生态承载力的地表水能值生态承载力最大，地下水能值生态承载力次之，雨水能值生态承载力最小，三者占比分别为84%、9%、7%。②中部六省水生态盈余量呈波动上升趋势，呈水生态赤字状态；水生态压力指数则呈波动下降趋势，2011、2016年均分别达到最大值和最小值。③中部六省能值水生态足迹和能值水生态承载力均呈南高、北低的格局，六省排序具有一定的差别。④中部六省水生态盈余量从大到小依次为湖北（2.94×108 hm2）、安徽（2.37×108 hm2）、河南（2.27×108 hm2）、湖南（1.22×108 hm2）、江西（1.06×108 hm2）、山西（0.62×108 hm2）；水生态压力指数空间分布不均且南方低于北方。⑤中部六省及南、北部能值水生态足迹构成中均是农业用水生态足迹最大、生态环境用水生态足迹最小；南部排序为水产品、工业用水、生活用水、水污染生态足迹，北部则为生活用水、工业用水、水污染和水产品生态足迹。【结论】中部六省水资源处于生态不可持续利用状态，通过兴修水利工程、重视节水技术、优化用水结构等有利于实现区域水资源持续利用。 |
| 关键词: 能值水生态足迹；中部六省；水资源利用评价 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024175 |
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| Evaluating water resource utilization in central China using the energy-based water ecological footprint model |
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JIAO Shixing, WANG Anzhou, LIU Jiale, LIU Chang, ZHAO Rongqin, LI Zhongxuan, WEI Linghan
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1. School of Resources & Environment and Tourism, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455002, China; 2. The Luoyang 19th
High School, Luoyang 471000, China; 3. College of City and Tourism, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421001, China;
4. College of Surveying and Geo-informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,
Zhengzhou 450046, China; 5. School of Urban and Environment Science, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Understanding water utilization across sectors and regions is essential for regional water resource management and sustainable development. The objective of this paper is to evaluate water usage in six provinces in central China, providing insights into sustainable water resource management.【Method】Using an energy-based ecological theory, we calculated the spatiotemporal variation in the ecological carrying capacity of water in the six provinces and analyzed its composition.【Result】① The energy-based water ecological footprint across the six provinces shows a fluctuating upward trend. Surface water contributes the highest ecological carrying capacity (84%), followed by groundwater (9%) and rainwater (7%). ② The water ecological surplus index indicates a fluctuating upward trend but reveals an overall water ecological deficit. The ecological pressure index exhibits a fluctuating downward trend, peaking in 2011 and reaching its lowest point in 2016. ③ Both the energy-based ecological carrying capacity and ecological footprint demonstrate significant spatial variation, high in the southern provinces compared to the Northern ones. ④ Ranking of the water ecological surplus index (largest to smallest) in the six province is as follows: Hubei (2.94×108 hm2), Anhui (2.37×108 hm2), Henan (2.27×108 hm2), Hunan (1.22×108 hm2), Jiangxi (1.06×108 hm2), and Shanxi (0.62×108 hm2). The southern provinces exhibit lower ecological pressure indices compared to the northern provinces. ⑤ The composition of water ecological footprints varies significantly between provinces. Agricultural water use is the largest in all six provinces, while ecological and environmental water use is the smallest. In the southern region, water use is dominated by aquatic production, followed by industry water use, domestic use, and water pollution. In contrast, water use in the northern region is dominated by domestic use, industrial use, water pollution, and aquatic production. 【Conclusion】The unsustainable use of water resources in central China poses significant challenges to ecological balance. To achieve sustainable water utilization, the region should focus on constructing water conservancy projects, implementing water-saving technologies, and optimizing water use. |
| Key words: energy water ecological footprint; six central provinces; evaluation of water resource utilization |
