| 引用本文: | 朱玉朵,庞桂斌,蔡晨阳,等.增氧灌溉与生物炭配施对盐渍土水盐运移与冬小麦产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(10):38-45. |
| ZHU Yuduo,PANG Guibin,CAI Chenyang,et al.增氧灌溉与生物炭配施对盐渍土水盐运移与冬小麦产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(10):38-45. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究增氧灌溉与生物炭配施对盐渍土水盐运移与冬小麦全生育期生长指标和产量的影响，探寻盐渍土条件下种植冬小麦的合理方法。【方法】采用室外桶栽试验，以空白处理（CK：常规水含氧量9.5 mg/L，生物炭量0 g/kg）为对照，设置增氧灌溉处理（FO：灌溉水增氧量15.5 mg/L，生物炭量0 g/kg）、生物炭施用处理（FC：常规水含氧量9.5 mg/L，生物炭量10 g/kg）和增氧灌溉与生物炭配施处理（FOC：灌溉水增氧量15.5 mg/L，生物炭量10 g/kg），分析不同处理盐渍土水盐运移与作物生长规律。【结果】对比其他3种处理，FOC处理提高了浅层（0~10、10~20 cm）土壤的含水率，促进土壤水盐运移，冬小麦生育末期的含盐量为0.58~1.02 g/kg，最终将轻度盐化土壤转变为无盐化土壤；且FOC处理的冬小麦株高、茎粗、相对叶绿素量、叶面积、根生物量与秸秆生物量均为最大，满足冬小麦生长发育需求；从产量指标来看，增氧灌溉与生物炭配施增加百粒质量与穗粒数，最终产量为120.79 g/桶，较FC、FO处理和CK分别提高8.36%、14.09%和21.09%，各处理下的生长指标和产量均为FOC处理＞FC处理＞FO处理＞CK。【结论】增氧灌溉与生物炭结合具有协同增效作用，可优化盐渍土环境，有助于冬小麦的生长，并促进后期灌浆，进而显著提高冬小麦产量。 |
| 关键词: 增氧灌溉；生物炭；盐渍土；水盐运移；冬小麦生长 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025109 |
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| The combined effects of aerated irrigation and biochar application on water-salt dynamics and yield of winter wheat in coastal saline soil |
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ZHU Yuduo, PANG Guibin, CAI Chenyang, CONG Xin,
HUANG Qian, WANG Wei, WANG Xin, XU Zhenghe
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1. School of Water Conservancy and Environment, Jinan University, Ji’nan 250022, China;
2. Wanjiang Institute of Technology, Ma’anshan 243031, China;
3. Shandong Provincial Academy of Water Sciences, Ji’nan 250013, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background and Objective】Coastal saline soils are important land resources in many countries but are threatened by rapid salinization, which degrades soil quality, restricts crop growth and reduces agricultural productivity. To address these challenges, this paper evaluates the combined effects of aerated irrigation and biochar amendment on water-salt dynamics and the growth and yield of winter wheat in saline soils.【Method】The experiments were conducted outdoors using soil-filled pots. We compared four treatments: Keeping dissolved O2 concentration in the irrigation water at 9.5 mg/L (background value) without biochar application (CK), increasing dissolved O2 concentration in the irrigation water to 15.5 mg/L without biochar application (FO); keeping dissolved O2 concentration in the irrigation water at 9.5 mg/L with 10 g/kg of biochar application (FC), increasing dissolved O2 concentration in the irrigation water to 15.5 mg/L with 10 g/kg of biochar application. During the experiment, we measured water-salt transport dynamics, as well as wheat growth traits.【Result】FOC significantly increased soil water content in the 0-20 cm layer and facilitated water and salt transport. By harvest, soil salinity under FOC decreased to 0.58-1.02 g/kg, transforming mildly salinized soil into non-salinized soil. Winter wheat under FOC achieved the highest plant height, stem diameter, relative chlorophyll content, leaf area, root biomass, and straw biomass, fully supporting crop development. Yield components, including 100-grain weight and spike grain numbers, were maximized in FOC, resulting in a yield of 120.79 g/pot, 8.36%, 14.09%, and 21.09% higher than FC, FO, and CK, respectively. The impact of treatments on growth and yield was ranked as follows: FOC＞FC＞FO＞CK.【Conclusion】Aerated irrigation and biochar act synergistically to reduce soil salinity stress, thereby promoting wheat growth and grain filling, ultimately improving its productivity. This combination provides an effective strategy for sustainable cultivation in coastal saline soils. |
| Key words: aeration irrigation; biochar; saline soil; water and salt movement; winter wheat growth |
