| 引用本文: | 刘志刚,王彦雨,龚文娟,等.微污染河水再利用模式对土壤盐分
累积及水稻生长的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(10):46-55. |
| LIU Zhigang,WANG Yanyu,GONG Wenjuan,et al.微污染河水再利用模式对土壤盐分
累积及水稻生长的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(10):46-55. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究灌溉水质与灌溉模式对稻田土壤盐分及水稻生长和产量的影响，提出节水增产可持续的微污染河水再利用模式。【方法】于2022年6—10月在江宁节水园区开展大棚盆栽试验，设置清水灌溉（Q）、清水-微污染河水轮灌（QW）、微污染河水灌溉（W）3种灌溉水质，淹水灌溉（Y）、控制灌溉（K）2种灌溉模式，研究灌溉水质与灌溉模式对土壤盐分、水稻生长及产量的影响。【结果】①与清水淹水灌溉相比，微污染河水再利用模式灌溉土壤EC值、Cl-量显著提升，且微污染河水灌溉处理高于清水-微污染河水轮灌处理；分蘖后期（S35）以后，与清水淹水灌溉相比，微污染河水灌溉、清水-微污染河水轮灌控制灌溉、清水控制灌溉土壤SO42-量显著提高33%~433%（p＜0.05）；与控制灌溉相比，淹水灌溉土壤EC值、Cl-、SO42-量降低。②与控制灌溉相比，淹水灌溉水稻株高和叶面积指数降低，水稻分蘖数和产量增加；无论是淹水灌溉还是控制灌溉，与清水灌溉相比，微污染河水灌溉水稻产量降低了2.7%~5.3%，清水-微污染河水轮灌下水稻有效穗数提高了4.8%~35.0%，饱粒数提高了11.3%~68.1%，产量提高了3.5%~67.3%。【结论】清水-微污染河水轮灌+淹水灌溉能够缓解水资源短缺、减轻土壤积盐风险并提升水稻产量，是一种节水增产可持续的灌溉方式。 |
| 关键词: 微污染河水；轮流灌溉；盐分；水稻产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025058 |
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| The effects of irrigation with mildly polluted river water on soil salinity and rice growth in paddy field |
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LIU Zhigang, WANG Yanyu, GONG Wenjuan, LIAN Siying, CHEN Lina
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1. Anhui Urban Construction Design Research General Institute Co., Ltd., Hefei 230051, China;
2. Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background and Objective】With urban expansion and population growth, the Nanfei River has degraded into a sewage channel, giving rise to serious water environmental concerns. Farmland along the river, mainly producing vegetables and cereals, relies on water in the river for irrigation, yet long-term effects of this practice on soil health and crop quality remain unclear. This paper aimed to bridge this gap, evaluating the effects of different irrigation practices and their management on soil salinity, growth and yield of paddy rice, and identifying sustainable irrigation methods that conserve water while maintaining sustainable crop productivity.【Method】The experiment was conducted from June to October 2022 using rice-planted pots in a greenhouse at the Jiangning Water Conservation Park (Hohai University). There were three irrigation-water type treatments: clean water irrigation (Q), irrigation with the slightly polluted river water (W), and irrigation alternately using clean and the polluted water (QW). For each water-type irrigation treatment, there were a flooding irrigation method (Y) and a controlled irrigation method (K). During the experiment, soil salinity, growth traits and yield components of rice were measured in each treatment.【Result】① Compared with flooding irrigation with clean water, irrigation with river water significantly increased electrical conductivity and Cl- content in soil water, with effects more significant under continuous irrigation with river water than alternately using it. After the tillering stage, SO42- content in the soil under controlled irrigation associated with the treatments of W, QW and Q was 33%-433%(S35) higher than that in irrigation with clean water (p＜0.05). ② On average, flooding irrigation reduced plant height and leaf area index, but increased tiller numbers and grain yield, compared to controlled irrigation. Compared with irrigation with clean water, irrigation continuously using river water reduced the rice yield by 2.7%-5.3%, and alternating clean water and river water in irrigation increased the effective panicles of rice by 4.8%-35.0%, the number of well-filled grains by 11.3%-68.1%, and grain yield by 3.5%-67.3%.【Conclusion】Alternating clean and river water in irrigation can alleviate freshwater shortages, reduce soil salt accumulation, and improve rice yield. It offers a sustainable irrigation strategy for water-saving in rice cultivation in the study region. |
| Key words: micro-polluted river water; rotational irrigation; salt; rice yield |
