| 引用本文: | 吕英泽,颜培轩,张海英,等.贺兰山典型灌木穿透雨的发生及空间分布特征[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(11):98-105. |
| LYU Yingze,YAN Peixuan,ZHANG Haiying,et al.贺兰山典型灌木穿透雨的发生及空间分布特征[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,44(11):98-105. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究贺兰山低海拔地区斑块化分布灌木降水再分配格局及其对植被恢复的影响。【方法】采用野外数据观测和统计分析的方法，在2022年5—9月，对贺兰山东麓响水沟流域浅山区的典型灌木松叶猪毛菜（Salsola laricifolia）、蒙古扁桃（Prunus mongolica）、狭叶锦鸡儿（Caragana stenophylla）、单瓣黄刺玫（Rosa xanthina）、甘蒙锦鸡儿（Caragana opulens）和蒙古绣线菊（Spiraea mongolica）的穿透雨特征进行研究，分析了典型灌木穿透雨特征及其与降水特征的关系。【结果】试验期间共记录降水事件22次，总降水量178.6 mm；6种灌木的穿透雨率介于75.67%~79.43%，6种灌木穿透雨总量之间并无显著差异。但单次降水事件，6种灌木穿透雨量间存在显著性差异；6种灌木穿透雨率的空间分布与其距灌木基部的距离呈正比，随着降水量的增加，冠层内部穿透雨率的空间分布出现变化，穿透雨率高的区域与植物面积指数（PAI）低的区域分布基本一致。【结论】本文所选6种灌木均是贺兰山浅山区的耐旱树种，且对6种典型灌木穿透雨特征分析，发现6种植物具有较高的穿透雨率，且明显大于同类型地区适合中生环境的植物种类，因此，这些植物均可以用于贺兰山东麓浅山区植被恢复。研究成果为未来贺兰山东麓浅山区自我维持植被恢复模式，选用有效降水量及雨水汇集率高的植被类型，提高灌木对降水的利用率提供数据参考。 |
| 关键词: 降水再分配；穿透雨；灌木；贺兰山 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024405 |
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| Spatial variability of shrub throughfall in Helan Mountain |
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LYU Yingze, YAN Peixuan, ZHANG Haiying, SHAO Leilei, LI Jia, NI Xilu
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1. College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
2. Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China,
School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
3. Ningxia Helan Mountain Forest Ecosystem Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Yinchuan 750021, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Located in the arid and semi-arid region of Northwest China, the Helan Mountains form a transitional zone between desert and grassland ecosystems. In this region, low annual precipitation and strong evapotranspiration result in patchy shrub distributions at low elevations. This study examines how shrub canopies influence rainfall redistribution and explores their implications for improving water-use efficiency and drought tolerance of native plants. 【Method】From May to September 2022, rainfall redistribution was monitored in six dominant shrub species—Artemisia laricifolia, Prunus mongolica, Caragana stenophylla, Rosa xanthina, Caragana opulens, and Spiraea mongolica—within the Xiangshui Gorge watershed on the Eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains. Field observations and statistical analyses were used to quantify throughfall patterns and their relationships with rainfall characteristics, enabling an assessment of species-specific regulation of rainfall redistribution.【Result】Twenty-two rainfall events were recorded during the observation period, with a cumulative precipitation of 178.6 mm. Throughfall rates among the six shrub species ranged from 75.67% to 79.43%, showing no significant interspecific differences. However, throughfall displayed clear spatial heterogeneity beneath the canopies, increasing with distance from the shrub base. The locations of ‘rain poles’ and ‘dry poles’ varied with rainfall amount, and areas with higher throughfall corresponded to zones of lower plant area index (PAI). In some cases, throughfall rates exceeded 100%, influenced by canopy architecture (e.g., branch and stem channeling) and meteorological factors such as wind, leading to a localized ‘clustering effect’ of throughfall.【Conclusion】The six drought-tolerant shrub species exhibited consistently high throughfall rates, substantially greater than those reported for mesophytic species in comparable environments, indicating strong adaptation to arid conditions. These findings enhance understanding of rainfall redistribution mechanisms in arid shrublands and provide a scientific basis for selecting shrub species with high rainfall-use efficiency in vegetation restoration efforts on the Eastern slopes of the Helan Mountains. |
| Key words: rainfall redistribution; throughfall; shrubs; Helan Mountains |
