| 引用本文: | 马玉学,杨 凡,公 亮,等.宁南黄土高原退耕还林（草）区包气带土壤水分
运移特征及对降水的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(1):35-44. |
| MA Yuxue,YANG Fan,GONG Liang,et al.宁南黄土高原退耕还林（草）区包气带土壤水分
运移特征及对降水的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(1):35-44. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究退耕还林（草）条件下包气带土壤水变化特征及其对降水的响应。【方法】以宁南黄土丘陵地区退耕还林（草）条件下自然撂荒后的典型草地和未撂荒的农田为研究对象，基于2023年4—10月降水量与土壤含水率观测数据，分析包气带土壤水分运移特征及其对降水的响应。【结果】小雨事件对土壤补给的主要作用层在0~10 cm。而中雨事件对土壤补给的主要作用层在0~30 cm，中雨条件下农田与草地土壤水文特征均仅在10、30 cm产生了波动。农田和草地对降水事件的响应时间和响应程度均存在明显差异，农田土壤平均含水率最大值出现在0~30 cm土层，而草地出现在0~10 cm，降水对包气带土壤水的补给作用随着土层深度的增加而减弱。根据水量平衡分析可知，草地的蒸散发量（ET）远低于农田，但其深层渗漏量高于农田，退耕还林（草）有助于土壤深层包气带土壤水的入渗补给。【结论】本研究解释了宁南山区生态系统水分运动规律，为半干旱区生态脆弱地带生态环境建设规划提供了参考依据。 |
| 关键词: 退耕还林（草）；土壤水运移；土壤水势；土壤水量平衡 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024391 |
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| Characteristics of soil water flow in naturalized farmland and their response to rainfall in the Loess Plateau of South Ningxia |
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MA Yuxue, YANG Fan, GONG Liang, YANG Lihu, JI Weibo, SUN Bianbian, ZHANG Xiaodong
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1. Ningxia Fundamental Geological Survey Institute (Geological and Mineral Resources Center Laboratory of Ningxia),
Yinchuan 750021, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; 3. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 4. Technical Innovation Base for Natural Resources Monitoring
in the Lower Reaches of Yongding River Area, China Geological Society, Langfang 065000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The loess hilly region in southern Ningxia is ecologically fragile and naturalising farmland is a way to restore its ecological functions. While soil water is a key factor regulating ecosystem functions and stability, its response to rainfall in naturalised farmlands is not well understood. This paper investigates the spatiotemporal soil water dynamics and its response to rainfall in such ecosystems.【Method】Based on rainfall and soil moisture data measured from April to October 2023 in the vadose zone of a typical grassland (CD) and farmland (NT) in the southern Ningxia, we analysed the characteristics of soil water movement and their response to rainfall in the two ecosystems.【Result】① Light rainfall events only replenished the top 10 cm soil layer, while moderate rainfall events replenished the 0-30 cm soil layer. Under moderate rainfalls, noticeable soil moisture changes were observed mainly in the 10 cm and 30 cm layers in both ecosystems. ② There were significant differences in the response time and magnitude of soil moisture change to rainfall events between the two ecosystems. The maximum average soil moisture content in NT and CD was in the 30 cm layer and the 10 cm layer, respectively. The effect of rainfall on soil moisture content dwindled as soil depth increased. ③ Soil water balance analysis showed that the evapotranspiration of NT was significantly lower than that of CD, while its water percolation into deep soil was higher than that in CD. It was found that NT enhanced water infiltration into deep soil, thereby increasing groundwater recharge.【Conclusion】Our results unveiled the fundamental mechanisms underlying soil water movement in farmland and naturalised farmland in loess hilly region of southern Ningxia; they provide guidances for restoring the ecological functions of ecologically fragile areas in this region. |
| Key words: the returned farmlands; soil water movement; soil potential; soil water balance |
