| 引用本文: | 李至爽,高晓瑜,徐 冰,等.不同耕作方式对土壤水盐和一年两季燕麦生长的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(4):32-39. |
| LI Zhishuang,GAO Xiaoyu,XU Bing,et al.不同耕作方式对土壤水盐和一年两季燕麦生长的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(4):32-39. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】提出一种适宜我国北方干旱-半干旱地区的燕麦一年两季耕作方式，以降低种植成本，提高水分利用效率。【方法】通过设置燕麦免耕地下滴灌与翻耕地表滴灌2种耕作方式，系统研究燕麦一年两季不同耕作方式对土壤水盐运移、作物生长、产量及品质的综合影响。【结果】土壤水盐方面，免耕地下滴灌显著提高了土壤贮水量，燕麦生育期内0~100 cm土层土壤贮水量较翻耕提高约18.75%。同时，免耕地下滴灌有效抑制了土壤表层盐分积累，在第一季和第二季收获后，0~60 cm根区土壤全盐量分别较翻耕降低了约21.5%和32.6%。作物生长方面，免耕促进了燕麦生长，免耕地下滴灌第一季燕麦株高达到112.2 cm，比翻耕地表滴灌高3.7%，第二季株高进一步提升至110.6 cm，比翻耕高18.3%。产量与品质方面，免耕地下滴灌显著提高了燕麦的产量和品质，第一季鲜草产量为10.8 t/hm2，比翻耕高8%。第二季产量进一步增至12.3 t/hm2，两季总产量较翻耕增幅达5.5%。免耕燕麦的粗蛋白量和粗脂肪量在两季均高于翻耕，且第二季燕麦粗蛋白量较第一季提高了20.5%。【结论】燕麦一年两季免耕地下滴灌模式能够在节约成本的同时，协同优化土壤水盐环境，提升作物生产力与品质，为饲草带产业高效发展及农业水资源节约集约利用提供技术支撑。 |
| 关键词: 燕麦；滴灌；免耕；翻耕；复种；土壤水分；土壤盐分 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025345 |
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| Effects of zero-till and conventional tillage on soil water and salinitydynamics and productivity of double-cropping oat systems |
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LI Zhishuang, GAO Xiaoyu, XU Bing, FAN Ting, WANG Guoshuai, TIAN Delong, SONG Chenghao
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1. College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
2. Institute of Pastoral Hydraulic Research, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot 010020, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Water scarcity and soil salinization in the arid and semi-arid regions of Northern China significantly constrain forage production and agricultural sustainability. Optimizing tillage and irrigation practices is therefore essential for improving water use efficiency and reducing cultivation costs in forage cropping systems. This study aims to experimentally identify an optimal tillage-irrigation practice for a double-cropping oat system in these regions.【Method】The experiment was conducted in an oat field consisting of zero-till and conventional tillage, with the former irrigated with subsurface drip irrigation (NT-SDI) and the latter with surface drip irrigation (CT-SDI). During the experiment, we measured the soil water content in the 0-100 cm layer and total salt content in the 0-60 cm layer, and the fresh forage yield. We also measured forage quality traits, including crude protein and crude fat content.【Result】Compared with CT-SDI, NT-SDI significantly improved the soil water and salt environment for plant growth, increasing soil water storage in the 0-100 cm layer during the growing period by 18.75%, while reducing total soil salt content in the root zone by 21.5% and 32.6% after the first and second oat harvests, respectively. Compared with CT-SDI, NT-SDI increased plant height by 3.7% in the first season and 18.3% in the second season. It also increased the fresh forage yield to 10.8 t/hm2 and 12.3 t/hm2 in the first and second season, respectively, resulting in a combined annual oat yield increase of 5.5% compared with CT-SDI. In addition, NT-SDI also improved forage quality, with its crude protein and crude fat contents higher than those in CT-SDI in both seasons. In both treatments, crude protein in the second season was 20.5% higher than that in the first season.【Conclusion】The NT-SDI practice effectively improved soil water and salt conditions in both seasons for oat growth, and thus enhances forage yield and quality and reduces cultivation costs. It can be used as an improved cultivation practice for oat production in the arid and semi-arid regions of Northern China. |
| Key words: oat; drip irrigation; no-till; conventional tillage; double cropping; soil moisture; soil salinity |
