| 引用本文: | 吴常雪,张峻霄,米力夏提·米那多拉,等.不同生育期土壤水分阈值调控对北疆滴灌棉田水盐分布的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(8):54-63. |
| Wu Changxue,Zhang Junxiao,Milixiati·Minaduola,et al.不同生育期土壤水分阈值调控对北疆滴灌棉田水盐分布的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(8):54-63. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确不同生育期土壤水分阈值对北疆盐渍化膜下滴灌棉田根区土壤水盐分布的影响，优化生育期节水控盐灌溉制度。【方法】以北疆膜下滴灌盐渍化棉田为研究对象，将棉花全生育期划分为苗期、蕾期、花铃期和吐絮期，采用4因素2水平正交试验，在各生育阶段设置不同水分阈值，通过土壤水分阈值触发灌溉方式实施灌溉管理。不同处理下，对棉田0~80 cm土层土壤含水率与含盐量进行分层监测，系统分析不同水分阈值组合对棉田根区土壤水盐分布特征的影响。【结果】苗期以50% FC（Field Capacity, 田间持水率）作为土壤水分阈值下限，可保证0~20 cm根区水分分布均匀，并将表层盐分控制在适宜水平；蕾期采用60% FC阈值下限，有利于稳定根区土壤水盐分布，避免中深层渗漏及盐分积累；花铃期需水量大，75% FC阈值下限条件下根区土壤含水率最高且稳定性最好，水盐分布差异最小；吐絮期采用土壤水分阈值上下限联合调控，可在降低灌水量的同时，将0~60 cm根区土壤盐分控制在较低水平。【结论】基于棉花不同生育期需水特性和水盐响应规律构建的分阶段土壤水分阈值调控模式，可实现盐渍化棉田节水与控盐的协同优化，为北疆膜下滴灌棉田高效灌溉管理提供技术依据。 |
| 关键词: 盐渍化棉田；田间持水率；水分阈值；膜下滴灌；水盐分布 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025406 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Effects of growth-stage-based soil moisture threshold on water-salt distribution in drip-irrigated and plastic-mulched salinized cotton field of Northern Xinjiang |
|
Wu Changxue, Zhang Junxiao, Milixiati·Minaduola, Liu Mengyu, Xu Yongmei, Li Tanyi, Zhang Yeshan, Xie Xiangwen
|
|
1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Experiment on
Water Saving Agriculture in Northwest Oasis of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi 830091, China;
2. College of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Soil moisture threshold used for irrigation control governs water and salt distribution in the root zone and water use efficiency. This paper explored the regulatory effect of variation in this threshold across cotton growth stages on soil water and salt dynamics in Northern Xinjiang.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a salinized cotton field with plastic mulching and drip irrigation. The growing season was divided into seedling, squaring, flowering-boll setting and boll opening stages. In each growing stage, two soil moisture thresholds were set to trigger irrigation whenever soil water content dropped below them. During the experiment, we monitored soil water and salt contents in the 0-80 cm soil layer in all treatments.【Result】At the seedling stage, setting the soil moisture threshold at 50% of field capacity (FC) reduced irrigation volume, achieving uniform water distribution and favorable salt content in the 0-20 cm soil layer. Setting the threshold at 60% of FC during the squaring stage stabilized soil water and salt distribution and reduced deep water percolation. Setting the threshold at 75% of FC during the flowering-boll setting stage me the increased crop water demand, with slight spatial variation in soil salinity. During the boll-opening stage, collaboratively adopting low and high moisture threshold effectively reduced irrigation water consumption and lowered soil salinity in the 0-60 cm root layer.【Conclusion】Setting soil moisture threshold based on cotton water demand during different growing stages and soil water-salt responses to irrigation can achieve coordinated water conservation and salinity mitigation in salinized cotton fields. This approach helps refine irrigation management for plastic-mulched, drip-irrigated cotton grown on salinized soils in Northern Xinjiang. |
| Key words: salinized cotton field; field capacity; soil moisture threshold; plastic-mulched drip irrigation; soil water- salt distribution |
