| 引用本文: | 易 佳,郑华斌,毛瑞清,等.播期对中生育期再生稻生长特性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(9):38-45. |
| Yi Jia,Zheng Huabin,Mao Ruiqing,et al.播期对中生育期再生稻生长特性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(9):38-45. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究播期对中生育期再生稻周年产量和产量形成的影响，为湘中地区再生稻高产栽培提供理论依据。【方法】2020—2021年在长沙进行了大田试验，以湖南省主推中生育期再生稻品种徽两优898为供试材料，周年生育期209 d，设置6个播期，3月15日（B1）、3月20日（B2）、3月25日（B3）、3月30日（B4）、4月5日（B5）、4月10日（B6）。【结果】播种时间越晚，周年生育期越短，主要表现为头季稻营养生长期的缩短，再生季稻生育期表现相对稳定，且头季稻生育期和再生季稻生育期之间呈负相关；年间生育期因温度不同存在一定的差异，生育期长短和平均温度呈负相关。头季稻分蘖速度随播期推迟而增加，更快达到最高分蘖数，2 a表现同样的规律，再生季稻发苗规律为头季稻收割后5 d内发苗速度最快，随后减缓并趋于稳定，其中，B2处理苗数最高。头季稻产量年间无一致规律，再生季稻产量随播期呈单峰型变化趋势，2020年和2021年B2处理产量均最高，较其他处理分别高6.31%~13.28%和9.49%~69.55%，表现为头季稻齐穗后SPAD值衰减率显著低于其他处理，再生季稻发苗速度快，再生苗多，纹枯病发病率低、收获指数和单位面积穗数显著高于其他处理；均表现为B6处理最低，主要表现为收获指数、单位面积穗数和结实率显著低于其他处理。周年产量随着播期的推迟均呈单峰型趋势，其中，2020年B2处理最高，2021年B3处理最高，较其他处理分别高0.23%~8.70%和9.49%~69.55%，均达到显著水平。【结论】在湘中地区，中生育期再生稻品种适宜播期为3月20—25日，周年产量最佳，早播和晚播均会导致不同程度的减产。 |
| 关键词: 再生稻；播期；中生育期；产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025309 |
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| Effects of sowing date on growth and annual yield of medium-duration ratoon rice |
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Yi Jia, Zheng Huabin, Mao Ruiqing, Li Zheli, Zhang Ming,
Liu Longsheng, Fang Shengliang, Zou Dan, Gao Jing
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1. Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
2. Hengyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hengyang 421200, China;
3. Shashi Town Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center, Liuyang 410300, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Ratooning rice can produce two harvests from a single planting, but its yield is strongly influenced by sowing date. This study investigated the effects of sowing date on annual yield and yield formation of a medium-duration ratoon rice.【Method】The field experiment was conducted in Changsha, central Hunan Province, from 2020 to 2021, using the ratooning rice variety Huiliangyou 898, a widely cultivar grown in the region. We compared six sowing dates: March 15 (B1), March 20 (B2), March 25 (B3), March 30 (B4), April 5 (B5), and April 10 (B6).【Result】Delayed sowing progressively shortened the annual growth duration, primarily because of the reduced vegetative growth period in the main crop, whereas the growth duration of the ratoon crop remained relatively stable. The growth duration of the main and ratoon crops was negatively correlated. Reproductive periods differed between years and were negatively correlated with mean temperature. For the main crop, the tillering rate increased with delayed sowing, resulting in earlier attainment of maximum tiller number. In the ratoon crop, seedling emergence was rapid within 5 days after main-crop harvest, subsequently slowing and stabilizing. Sowing on March 20 produced the greatest number of regenerated seedlings. Both main-crop and ratoon-crop yields showed unimodal responses to sowing date, with B2 producing the highest yields in both 2020 and 2021. Compared with other treatments, B2 increased main-crop yield by 6.31%-13.28% and ratoon-crop yield by 9.49%-69.55%. It also maintained slow post-heading decline in SPAD value, rapid ratoon regeneration, more regenerated seedlings, low sheath blight incidence, and significantly high harvest index and panicle number per unit area. In contrast, B6 had the lowest harvest index, panicle number per unit area, and seed-setting rate. Annual yield showed a unimodal response to sowing date, with B2 producing the highest yield in 2020 and B3 in 2021, representing an increase of 0.23%-8.70% and 9.49%-69.55%, respectively, compared with other treatments.【Conclusion】In central Hunan Province, the optimal sowing window for medium-duration ratoon rice is March 20–25, which maximizes annual yield. Both excessively early and late sowing reduced annual yield, with magnitude of the reduction depending on sowing date. |
| Key words: ratooning rice; sowing date; medium growth duration; yield |
