| 引用本文: | 杨亦凡,宋喜山,江赜伟,等.干湿循环老化生物炭对土壤理化性质及水稻产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(9):46-55. |
| Yang Yifan,Song Xishan,Jiang Zewei,et al.干湿循环老化生物炭对土壤理化性质及水稻产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(9):46-55. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究干湿循环老化对生物炭改良稻田土壤功能及其对水稻生长的影响。【方法】以水稻秸秆生物炭为对象，于2023—2024年开展盆栽试验，设置4个处理：原始生物炭（CK）、历经3次干湿循环的老化生物炭（C3处理）、历经6次干湿循环的老化生物炭（C6处理）、历经10次干湿循环的老化生物炭（C10处理），系统分析老化生物炭对土壤pH值、有机碳（土壤有机碳SOC、可溶性有机碳DOC）、氮素形态、氧化还原电位（Eh）以及水稻产量与灌溉水利用效率的调控效应。【结果】①C6处理土壤pH值、SOC量、DOC量提升最为显著，并能优化关键生育时期的土壤氧化还原环境；②C6处理显著提高分蘖期土壤氨态氮量，于拔节孕穗期促进硝态氮积累，有效增强了土壤氮素保持与供应能力；③2023—2024年，C6处理均获得最高产量与灌溉水利用效率，较CK显著增产11.2%和14.7%，节水4.9%和3.9%，【结论】经历6次干湿循环老化的生物炭具有较强的改良稻田土壤的能力，可以通过优化土壤酸碱度、碳氮平衡及氧化还原状况，为水稻生长创造有利条件，协同实现水稻增产与灌溉水利用效率的提升。 |
| 关键词: 干湿循环；老化生物炭；稻田土壤；碳氮循环；水分利用效率 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025404 |
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| Effects of wet-dry cycles on efficacy of biochar in improving soil physicochemical properties and rice yield |
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Yang Yifan, Song Xishan, Jiang Zewei, Xu Yi, Liu Fangping, Xu Tao, Xu Yi, Yang Shihong
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1. College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; 2. College of Soil and Water Conservation, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; 3. Jiangxi Irrigation Experiment Central Station, Nanchang 330201, China;
4. Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; 5. Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Soil and Water Resources and Carbon Sequestration & Emission Reduction, Nanjing 210098, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Biochar can improve soil quality and crop productivity, but its environmental aging, including repeated dry-wet cycles, may alter its properties and efficacy. This study experimentally investigated how dry-wet cycle-induced biochar aging affects its ability to regulate paddy soil properties and rice growth.【Method】The experiment was conducted in pots from 2023 to 2024 using rice straw biochar. It consisted of four treatments: biochar not undergoing to dry-wet cycling (CK), biochar undergoing three dry-wet cycles (C3), six dry-wet cycles (C6), and ten dry-wet cycles (C10). Changes in soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), soil nitrogen forms, redox potential (Eh), rice yield, and irrigation water-use efficiency were measured under each treatment.【Result】①Biochar undergoing six dry-wet cycles (C6) produced the greatest increases in soil pH, SOC, and DOC contents and optimized soil redox conditions during key rice growth stages. ②C6 significantly increased soil ammonium nitrogen content at the tillering stage and promoted nitrate nitrogen accumulation at the jointing- booting stage, thereby improving soil nitrogen retention and supply. ③Compared with CK, C6 achieved the highest grain yield and irrigation water-use efficiency, increasing grain yield in 2023 and 2024 by 11.2% and 14.7%, respectively, while reducing irrigation water use by 4.9% and 3.9%, respectively.【Conclusion】Subjecting biochar to undergo six dry-wet cycles enhanced its capacity to improve paddy soil properties by optimizing soil pH, carbon and nitrogen balance, and redox condition, thereby creating a favorable condition for rice growth and simultaneously increasing grain yield and irrigation water-use efficiency. |
| Key words: dry-wet cycle; aged biochar; paddy soil; carbon and nitrogen cycling; irrigation water use efficiency |
