| 引用本文: | 刘 瑜,王国栋,李全胜.生物质炭在盐碱地改良中的作用机制及研究进展[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(10):22-28. |
| Liu Yu,Wang Guodong,Li Quansheng.生物质炭在盐碱地改良中的作用机制及研究进展[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(10):22-28. |
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| 摘要: |
| 土壤盐碱化会破坏土壤理化性质、降低土壤养分有效性，导致土壤板结、耕地质量下降甚至丧失耕种能力，从而引起作物减产，造成农业土地资源浪费，进而危害国家粮食安全。生物质炭具有较大的比表面积、丰富的孔隙结构、较强的吸附能力，并且富含多种营养元素，可通过调节土壤理化性质和微生物活动等方式对盐碱土环境产生综合影响，在土壤改良中表现出良好的应用潜力。兹总结生物质炭改良盐碱地的研究成果，阐述其对土壤理化特性、土壤养分、土壤微生物及作物生长的影响机制，以期为生物质炭在盐碱地上的广泛应用提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 生物质炭 盐碱土 土壤理化特性 微生物 作物生长 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2026048 |
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| Biochar-mediated amelioration of saline-alkali soils: Mechanisms, influencing factors and prospects |
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Liu Yu, Wang Guodong, Li Quansheng
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1. Institute of Farmland Water Conservancy and Soil-fertilizer, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,
Shihezi 832000, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water-saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Eficient Utilization of Water and Fertilizer, Shihezi 832000, China
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| Abstract: |
| Soil salinization degrades soil quality, reduces nutrient availability, and disrupts soil structure, leading to soil compaction and further deterioration of soil quality. In severe cases, it causes a loss of soil productivity. These adverse effects not only reduce crop productivity but also hinder the efficient use of agricultural resources, posing a serious threat to food security. Biochar, characterized by a large specific surface area, a well-developed pore structure, high adsorption capacity and abundant nutrient-containing functional groups, has attracted increased attention as a soil amendment for remediation of saline-alkali soils. By altering soil physicochemical properties, regulating nutrient availability, and influencing microbial communities and their activities, biochar can alleviate the detrimental effects of soil salinity and improve soil quality and crop performance. This review summarizes recent advances in research on the effectiveness of biochar application in saline-alkali soils and systematically examines the underlying mechanisms, including changes in soil physicochemical properties, nutrient cycling and availability, microbial communities, and crop growth. We also discuss the key factors influencing the effectiveness of biochar application, including biochar properties, application rate, soil conditions, and environmental factors. Finally, we highlight current challenges and prospects for sustainable application of biochar in saline-alkali soils in large scales. This review provides a comprehensive reference for understanding the mechanisms underlying biochar-mediated soil improvement and facilitating its practical application in saline-alkali soils. |
| Key words: biochar saline-alkaline soil physicochemical properties of soil microorganism crop growth |
