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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0631 |
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| Effects of Fertilizers on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Leaching and Yield of Rice in Northeast China |
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LIU Ruliang, WANG Fang, WANG kaijun, ZHANG Aiping, HU Chaosheng, LI Youhong, HONG Yu, YANG Zhengli
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1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ningxia Academy of Agro-forestry Science, Yinchuan 750002, China; 2.Fangzheng County Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Fangzheng 150800, China;3.China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, China Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Agriculture Environment and Climate Change, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China;4. China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation International Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100097, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Reducing fertilizer application in agricultural production is mandatory in China. The objective of this paper is to investigate how to improve nutrient use efficiency and nutrient leaching caused by excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer in rice production in Northeast Chin by using a new slow-release fertilizer. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in a paddy field. The effect of different combinations of slow and controlled release fertilizers on leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus via runoff, as well as rice yield and nitrogen uptake by the plant were studied in attempts to find a optimal fertilization to sustain rice yield without compromising environment. 【Result】Compared to the conventional fertilization, the application of slow and controlled release of fertilizer as a basal fertilizer significantly reduced nitrogen concentration and its runoff loss in the paddy field. The CRF-3 treatment had higher phosphorus content, leading to a loss via leaching and runoff. The ratio of total nitrogen loss and total phosphorus loss in CRF-1 treatment was the lowest among all slow-controlled release treatments, with the losses of total nitrogen and total phosphorus reducing by 38.04% and 46.87% respectively compared to the FP treatment. Directly field topdressing nitrogen led to the concentration of total nitrogen in the surface water increasing to 9.43 mg/L. The nitrogen concentration under slow-controlled release fertilization peaked 15 days after the rice transplanting, significantly lower than that under the conventional fertilization treatment. Compared with the conventional fertilization, CRF-1 and CRF-3 treatments did not result in yield loss, and the recovery rate of the nitrogen fertilizer was increased by 9.84% and the nitrogen use efficiency by 10.83 kg/kg.【Conclusion】 Considering the losses of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient from runoff and the rice yield, CRF-1 treatment is more suitable for paddy field in northwest China. |
| Key words: Northeast region; China; rice; low/controlled release fertilizer; nitrogen and phosphorus losses; yield |
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