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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20170057 |
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| The Yield and Water and Potassium Use Efficiency of Machine-pick Cotton in Northern Xinjiang as Impacted by Water-potassium Coupling |
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PAN Junjie, FU Qiuping, ZHAO Qiao, ZHEN Yicun , Abudoukayimu·Abulimiti, MA Yingjie
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1.College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;2. Beijing Unism Technologies, Inc, Beijing 100085, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Soil water and nutrients interactively affect soil processes and the associated plant growth. In this paper we study the impact of water-potassium coupling on their use efficiency and cotton yield based on a field experiment. 【Method】We focused on machine-pick cotton under mulched drip irrigation by keeping the soil moisture at 40%~60%, 60%~80% and 80%~100% of field moisture capacity respectively; there were three potassium applications: 30, 60 and 90 kg/hm2. Overall, there were nine treatments. In each treatment, we measured the plant height, leaf area index, biomass and yield. 【Result】When the soil moisture was within 60%~80% of the field capacity, increasing potassium application promoted plant growth. When the potassium application was 30 kg/hm2 and 60 kg/hm2, increasing soil moisture could significantly increase the daily growth of the plant height. The leaf area index increased with potassium and irrigation, and when the soil moisture was in 60%~80% of the field capacity and potassium application was 90 kg/hm2, cotton biomass peaked; when the soil moisture was in 60%~80% of the field capacity, the number of effective bolls and seed cotton yield were both higher than those under other soil moisture treatments and they increased with potassium application. Increasing potassium promoted cotton boll quality, while increase in boll number per plant could comprise the effect of potassium fertilizer on cotton boll quality. When the irrigation was the same, the production efficiency of potash fertilizer increased significantly with potassium application. When the soil moisture content was in 80%~100% of the field capacity and potassium application was 90 kg/hm2, the water use efficiency was the lowest. 【Conclusion】The suitable irrigation and fertilization is to keep the soil moisture within 60%~80% of the field holding and the potassium application at 90 kg/hm2. |
| Key words: machine-pick cotton; water potassium coupling; drip irrigation under mulch; yield; water use efficiency |
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