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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20180711 |
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| Effect of Irrigation Frequency on Water Use Efficiency and Yield of Cotton after Loosening the Deep Soil |
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GUO Rensong, CHEN Ping, CHENG Qiang, LIN Tao, WANG Liang, ZHENG Zipiao, XU Haijiang, TIAN Liwen, CUI Jianping
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1.Research Institute of Economic Crops/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiological Ecology and Tillage of Desert Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; 2. Awati County Meteorological Administration, Await 843200, China)
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The objective of this paper is to experimentally investigate the responsive change in yield and water use efficiency of cotton to irrigation frequency after soil loosening. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted from 2016 to 2017 after deeply loosening soil. By keeping the irrigation amount the same, we compared three irrigation frequencies: Irrigating once in each 4 day (D4), 7 days (D7) and 10 days (D10) respectively. The associated irrigation times were 17, 10 and 7 respectively. In each treatment, we measured soil moisture, dry matter accumulation, water consumption, water use efficiency and the yield of the crop. 【Result】 After deep loosening, keeping irrigation frequency at a moderate level (D7) significantly enhanced water-holding capacity of the 0~20 cm soil, thereby facilitating distribution of dry matter to different organs in the bud and boll and consequently improving the water use efficiency (WUE). Compared to D4 and D10, D7 increased WUE by 15.5% and 10.5% in 2016 and 16.5% and 9.2% in 2017, respectively. Increasing irrigation frequency promoted vegetative growth and reduced distribution of the dry matter to organs in the bud and boll. In contrast, reducing irrigation frequency reduced the accumulation of total dry matter, storage of water in the top soil and water consumption. Compared to D4 and D10, D7 increased the yield by 13.8% and 7.0% in 2016, and 17.3% and 6.1% in 2017. The main mechanism underlying in yield increase in D7 was the increase in boll number and average weight of the bolls in each plant.【Conclusion】 Irrigating once after each 7 days, together with deep soil loosening, can effectively promote vegetative growth and organ production from dry matter, thereby facilitating the conversion of dry matter to organs and improving cotton yield and its water use efficiency. |
| Key words: deep plough; irrigation frequency; water use efficiency; yield; cotton |
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