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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20190108 |
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| Effects of Irrigation and Fertilization Levels on Grain Yield and Water and N Use Efficiency of Drip-fertigation Summer Maize in the North China Plain |
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NING Dongfeng, QIN Anzhen, LIU Zhandong, ZHANG jiyang, LIU Zhanjun, ZHAO Ben, XIAO Junfu
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1.Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science，Xinxiang, 453002, China 2.College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The objective of this research is to find suitable N application of drip irrigation. 【Method】A field experiment was carried out in the lysimeter and rain-proof shelter facility located at the North China Plain during the maize growing seasons in 2016. The experiment was carried out using a split plot design with irrigation level as the main plots and N level as the subplots. We set two irrigation rates: 50 mm sufficient irrigation (WH), and 25 mm limited irrigation (WL), and four N application rates: 0 (N0), 90 (N1), 180 (N2) and 270 (N3) kg/hm2. the impact of variable irrigation levels, N fertilizer rates and their interaction on water consumption, NO3--N movement and accumulation, growth and N and water use efficiency of maize under drip-fertigation condition in the North China Plain was studied.【Result】Irrigation, nitrogen and their interaction significantly influenced maize above-ground biomass, grain yield as well as water and nitrogen use efficiency. Compared to sufficient irrigation, deficit irrigation increased soil water consumption and WUE, but decreased grain yield due to light water deficit during jointing-filling stages. The N application rate and grain yield were presented as quadratic curves under the two irrigation levels. The potential maximum grain yields were attained at 264.3 kg/hm2 under sufficient irrigation and 176.9 kg/hm2 under limited irrigation. Under sufficient irrigation, NAE increased with increase of N application rate. By contrast, NAE decreased with increase of N application rate under the deficit irrigation level. With the increase of N application rate, soil NO3--N content increased and the ratio of soil NO3--N accumulation in 60~100 cm soil layer increased. Compared to sufficient irrigation, deficit irrigation decreased N uptake by the crop and increased NO3--N accumulation in the soil profile under the high N application rate. 【Conclusion】The effect of N fertilizer on grain yield depends on the availability of soil water. Regulating N fertilizer rates to meet maize requirements based on the available soil water content not only increased yield but also prevented negative environmental impacts. |
| Key words: drip-fertigation; summer maize; irrigation-nitrogen interaction; N and water use efficiency; soil NO3--N |
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