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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20190155 |
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| Effects of Mulched Drip Irrigation Quota on Soil Moisture, Soil Temperature, Sugar Beet Yield and Quality |
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GUO Xiaoxia, TIAN Lu, SU Wenbin, FAN Fuyi, HUANG Chunyan,REN Xiaoyun, GONG Qianheng, LI Zhi, JIAN Caiyuan
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Special Crops Institue of Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandary, Hohhot 010031, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The purpose of this is to explere the synergistic effects of mulched drip irrigation quota on soil moisture soil temperature, sugar beet yield and quality in semiarid area of Inner Mongolia, and provide theoretical basis for high yield and high efficiency cultivation of sugar beet in this area.【Method】Eight drip irrigation frequencies and irrigation amounts were set up, including treatment A which irrigation amount is 450 m3/hm2 and irrigation frequency is one, treatment B which irrigation amount is 900 m3/hm2 and irrigation frequency is two, treatment C which irrigation amount is 1 350 m3/hm2 and irrigation frequency is three, treatment D which irrigation amount is 1 800 m3/hm2 and irrigation frequency is four, treatment E which irrigation amount is 2 250 m3/hm2 and irrigation frequency is five, treatment F which irrigation amount is 2 700 m3/hm2 and irrigation frequency is six, treatment G which irrigation amount is 3 150 m3/hm2 and irrigation frequency is seven, treatment H which irrigation amount is 3 600 m3/hm2 and irrigation frequency is eight. The soil water and temperature were dynamically monitored during the whole growth period of sugar beet, variation of soil water and temperature were analyzed, and combined with the analysis of sugar yield and quality, effects of mulched drip irrigation quota were studied.【Result】From 17:00 to 11:00 on the next day, soil temperature inside film was higher than that of outside film, but from 12:00 to 18:00, soil temperature outside film was higher than that of inside film. The lowest temperature appeared at 06:00—07:00, the highest temperature appeared at 14:00―15:00, this showed the same between inside and outside film. During the three years, soil effective accumulated temperature showed an opposite variation with soil water content, with the increasing of water content, soil effective accumulated temperature decreased. Taking root tuber and sugar growth period of 2016 as an example, the effective accumulated soil temperature increased by 5.61, 29.11, -23.10, 42.68, -10.85, -4.46, -22.79 ℃, the daily average soil moisture inside film of treatment B, C, D, E, F, G, H was increased by 6.96%, 11.73%, -1.01%, 11.76%, 5.19%, 22.14%, 13.62% than that of treatment A. During the growth stage of sugar beet, with the increasing of drip irrigation frequencies, yield increased, sugar content decreased and the sugar yield showed a first increased and then decreased trend. Taking 2016 as an example, the yield of treatment B, C, D, E, F, G, H was increased by 4.73%, 13.82%, 26.38%, 29.33%, 31.48%, 27.43%, 25.78% than that of treatment A, the sugar yield increased by 5.90%, 10.61%, 18.07%, 20.01%, 15.73%, 9.78%, 4.14%.【Conclusion】Drip irrigation at the suitable and key growth stage of sugar beet can improve soil water and thermal effect, and the best irrigation amount is 1 800 m3/hm2 to 2 250 m3/hm2, irrigation time is 4 to 5. And at last the water use efficiency and cumulative temperature production efficiency can be increased, this also can promote the increasing of sugar yield and quality. This study provides theoretical basis for the water efficient utilization and stable development of sugar beet in semiarid area of Inner Mongolia. |
| Key words: sugar beet; mulched drip irrigation frequency; irrigation amount; soil water and thermal effect; yield and quality |
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