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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019118 |
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| Effects of Sraw Returning and Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Rice Yield and Nitrogen Utilization |
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ZHENG Huantong, SHAO Xiwen , GENG Yanqiu, JIN Feng, SUN Qi, LIU Lixin, FAN Hongxia, GUO Liying
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1.College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;2.Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Nongan, Changchun 130299, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Find out?the effect of straw returning and nitrogen fertilizer application ratio on rice yield and nitrogen utilization, and to clarify the rational nitrogen fertilizer application?model of?rice production under straw returning condition, providing technical support for realizing sustainable rice?production.【Method】Using the rice variety Jijing 88 as test material, the split-plot experiment design was adopted. The main plot was straw returning (S) and no-straw returning (S0) and the sub-plot?was the treatment of nitrogen fertilizer applications. Total amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 200 kg/hm2, with treatments of different?proportion of base?fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: panicle fertilizer were?7∶2∶1 (N1), 6∶3∶1 (N2), 5∶3∶2 (N3), and 4∶3∶3 (N4), with no N?application as control (CK). It was set to study the effects of each treatment on dry matter accumulation, rice yield, yield composition factors?and nitrogen utilization efficiency.【Result】Combining straw returning with appropriate nitrogen fertilizer application can effectively increase rice yield.?Under the condition of straw returning, rice yield showed a decreasing trend with the decrease of the proportion of base fertilizer to the total nitrogen application. When the proportion?of nitrogen fertilizer application?for base fertilizer: tillering?fertilizer: panicle fertilizer was 7∶2∶1 (N1), it could significantly increase the number of grains per panicle, the number of effective panicles and seed setting rate, and the?yield?of rice, which was 7.50% higher than the optimal N?fertilizer application?(N3) under the condition of no straw returning to the field, so that this proportion was the best nitrogen fertilizer application?ratio under straw returning conditions. Under the same nitrogen fertilizer application, the dry matter accumulation of population from rice tillering to jointing stage treated by straw returning was lower than that of non-returning treatment, and the dry matter accumulation of the population from jointing to heading stage was higher than that of non-returning treatment, while in the stage from heading to maturity, only the dry matter accumulation in the stage of high base?fertilizer treatment (N1 and N2) was higher than that in the non-returning treatment.?Under the condition of straw returning,?the dry matter accumulation of rice population decreased gradually with the decrease of the proportion of base fertilizer to total nitrogen application, when the proportion of base fertilizer: tillering?fertilizer: panicle fertilizer was 7∶2∶1 (N1), the dry matter accumulation of rice population was the highest. The average nitrogen accumulation of straw returning treatment was higher than that of straw non-returning treatment.?Under the condition of returning straw, the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer decreased gradually with the decrease of the proportion of base fertilizer to total nitrogen application. When the ratio of base fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: panicle fertilizer was 7∶2∶1 (N1), nitrogen?apparent?efficiency, nitrogen agronomic efficiency?and nitrogen partial factor productivity?were the highest.【Conclusion】Under the condition of straw returning of 8.0 t/hm2, the nitrogen fertilizer application?proportion of base fertilizer: tillering fertilizer: panicle fertilizer was 7∶2∶1?can effectively increase the dry matter accumulation in each period, increase the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate and rice yield, thus is the optimal nitrogen fertilizer application?ratio. |
| Key words: rice; straw returning; nitrogen fertilizer application; nitrogen use efficiency; yield; group dry matter quality |
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