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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019365 |
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| The Combined Effects of Water and Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Wine Grapes under Drip Fertigation in Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain |
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HE Zhenjia, LIU Quanzu
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1. Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710075, China;2. Ningxia Dongfang Yuxing Winery Co., Ltd., Wuzhong 751900, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】The eastern foot of Helan Mountain has a long sunshine duration and large diurnal temperature variation, a climate suitable for growing high-quality wine grape. However, insufficient nutritional elements in soil and lacking of water resources, confounded by inappropriate fertilization, has been a constraint liming the development of wine-grape industry in this region. Previous studies on influence of drip irrigation on physiological growth and quality of wine grape had recommended suitable irrigation schedule, but there is limited study on how the coupling of irrigation and fertilization impacts on yield and quality of wine grapes in this region.【Objective】This paper is to experimentally investigate the effect of different couplings of water and fertilizer on yield and quality of wine grapes under drip fertigation.【Method】Six-year wine grape "Cabernet Sauvignon" was used as the model plant. The field experiment was conducted at the Hongsibao District in Ningxia, with three irrigation levels: 1 500 m3/hm2 (M1), 3 000 m3/hm2 (M2) and 4 500 m3/hm2 (M3), and three fertilization levels: 450 kg/hm2 (F1), 840 kg/hm2 (F2) and 1 050 kg/hm2 (F3). There were nine treatments and in each treatment, we measured growth, yield and quality of the grapes.【Result】Coupling water and fertilizer significantly promoted growth, photosynthesis, fruit appearance and nutrient content of the grapes, especially W3F3 that increased SPAD at significant level but had limited effect on NDVI. Fertilization promoted fruit growth in the longitudinal direction but not in the transverse direction, and the fruit shape index in all treatments varied between 0.99 and 1.05. Coupling water and fertilizer also affected CIRG at significant level. Both water use efficiency and yield maximized in W3F3, being 41.53% and 7.02 t/hm2 respectively. Compared to the control, W2F1 increased the soluble solids by 22.27% and W1F2 had the highest titratable acid at 0.74%. W3F1 gave the highest soluble sugar content at 20.32% and W2F2 had the largest sugar-to-acid ratio. The maximum anthocyanin content was 4.66 mg/g and in W3F3. With the increase in irrigation and fertilization, the average total phenolic content in the grape peel decreased, and its value in W1F1 was 71.53 mg/g. Vc content and the coupled water and fertilizer were positively correlated at significant level, and its highest value was 9.23 mg/g in W3F3.【Conclusion】W3F3 increased sugar content and Vc content, while reduced fruit acid content. These improved the sugar-acid ratio and grape quality. Our experimental results have wide implications for improving fertigation to increase grape production in similar regions. |
| Key words: water and fertilizer coupling; eastern foot of Helan Mountain; drip irrigation; wine grapes; fruit quality |
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