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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019342 |
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| Effects of Supplementary Irrigation on Biomass, WUE and Yield of Winter Wheat under Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Conditions |
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HU Hongwei, CAI Huanjie, WANG Xingyu, SUN Yanan, WANG Yunfei
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1. Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China 2. College of Water Research and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China 3. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】There was a lack of reasonable irrigation and fertilizer management measures in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi province, which has become a restricting factor to the development of agricultural production in arid areas of China.【Objective】The objective of this experiment was to optimize the schedule of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization in agriculture, carry out the experiment of winter wheat irrigation and fertilization management strategy, conduct a field experiment of different nitrogen fertilizer application rates with different irrigation amounts , measure the growth index of winter wheat, and explore the reasonable irrigation amounts and nitrogen fertilization for high yield of winter wheat in arid years in Guanzhong, Shaanxi. 【Method】 Setting up two factors including irrigation frequency and nitrogen fertilization, we compared five irrigation frequencies: no irrigation in the whole stages (I0), irrigating at the jointing stage (I1), irrigating at the heading stage (I2), irrigating at the jointing stage and heading stage (I3), irrigating at the filling stage (I4), and three nitrogen fertilization levels were set (F1: 75 kg/hm2, F2: 150 kg/hm2, F3: 300 kg/hm2). 【Result】①There was a significant positive correlation between irrigation and crop water consumption on winter wheat ET, and with the increase of irrigation volume, dry rain-fed cultivation enhanced the absorption and utilization of soil water storage, and vacated corresponding soil water storage capacity after harvest. There was a positive effect between soil water requirement and nitrogen fertilization, but was not significant, which slightly increased with nitrogen application. ②Under the same irrigation frequency, the aboveground dry matter quality of winter wheat showed the same regularity: high nitrogen fertilization>middle nitrogen fertilization>low nitrogen fertilization. Increasing nitrogen fertilization can significantly increase the dry matter weight of the crop. Under the same nitrogen fertilization, dry matter increased with irrigation volume, and there was a significant positive effect in dry matter by irrigating winter wheat in jointing stage. ③There was a significant effect between irrigation and yield, also a positive correlation between irrigation and WUE, although the impact on WUE was not significant. The influence of fertilization on yield was not significant, but there was a positive correlation, which had an extremely positive correlation on WUE. The minimum yield was 3 728.00 kg/hm2 of F1I0 treatment, and the maximum yield was 5 905.90 kg/hm2 of F3I4 treatment, which was 58.42% higher than that of F1I0 treatment. The WUE of F2I1 treatment was 1.88 kg/m3, and the yield was 5 377.1 kg/hm2, which was 48.77% higher than WUE of F1I0 treatment and 44.24% higher than yield of F1I0 treatment. 【Conclusion】Under the arid year, nitrogen application of 150 kg/hm2 and supplementary irrigation once at jointing stage (F2I1) were relatively more appropriate and effective irrigation and fertilization management measures in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi province. |
| Key words: irrigation; yield; WUE; biomass; winter wheat |
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