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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020050 |
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| Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizations with Micro-spraying System on Yield, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat |
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JIAN Haoran, LIU Hongbo, LI Lianhao, LI Zongpeng, YANG Yawei
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1.Institute of Water Conservancy Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng 475004, China; 2.National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; 3. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; 4. Henan Ruitong Irrigation and Drainge Equipment Co., Ltd, Kaifeng 475000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Excessive and inappropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer is not only a waste of resource but could also give rise to environmental pollution. Developing improved nitrogen fertilizer application methods is hence imperative to improve its use efficiency in constructing sustainable agriculture.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to experimentally seek suitable N-fertilizer application and management for winter wheat with micro-sprinkling fertigation.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a winter wheat field at Xinxiang experimental station of Henan province. It compared the effects of three nitrogen application amounts -180 kg/hm2 (N1), 240 kg/hm2 (N2) and 300 kg/hm2 (N3) - applied at two frequencies: one topdressing (F1) and two top dressings (F2) on yield, net photosynthetic rate and water and nitrogen utilization of the winter wheat.【Result】The yield of the winter wheat increased with nitrogen application but became asymptotic when nitrogen application exceeded 240 kg/hm2, regardless of its application frequency. The numbers of kernels per spike and the thousand-grain weight increased with both nitrogen application amount and frequency. Compared with the traditional nitrogen application at jointing stage by local farmers, topdressing the nitrogen twice, one at jointing stage and one at flowering stage, increased the net photosynthetic rate of the flag leaves, thereby increasing the thousand-grain weight and the yield by 13.3% and 3.0% respectively. The N2+F2 and N3+F2 treatments had the highest water and nitrogen use efficiency, but N2+F2 saved 60 kg/hm2 of nitrogen compared to N3+F2. 【Conclusion】Applying 240 kg/hm2 of nitrogen with micro-sprinkling fertigation, with 70 kg/hm2 top-dressed at jointing stage and another 70 kg/hm2 top-dressed at the anthesis stage, was most water- and nitrogen-efficient in the studied area. |
| Key words: Micro-sprinkler irrigation; fertigation; nitrogen utilization; winter wheat; yield |
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