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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019385 |
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| Spatio-temporal Variation in Precipitation, Potential Evapotranspiration, Humidity Index in Shandong Province |
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ZHANG Kefeng, MA Bo, ZHANG Dalong
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1.College of Continuing Education, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China;2.Administrative Department of Wohushan Reservoir, Jinan 250115, China;3.Jinan Water Administration Detachment, Jinan 250100, China;4. College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Water resource distribution varies spatially and temporally and the imbalance between water availability and demand has become limiting factors to sustainable socioeconomic development in China.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to analyze the long-term spatiotemporal variation in precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and humidity index in Shandong province aimed to provide a database for improving agricultural water resource management and soil and water conservation in this region.【Method】The analysis was based on meteorological data measured from 20 meteorological stations across the province in 1966—2015, from which we calculated spatial distributions of the mean annual precipitation, the potential evapotranspiration and the humidity index. We also analyzed their relationship based on their geographical location (latitude and longitude), elevation, and climatic factors. Three stations representing typical weather change from the southeast to the northwest of the province were selected to elucidate the temporal variation in annual precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and humidity index, as well as their determinants across the province.【Result】The mean annual precipitation decreased from the southeast to the northwest while the mean annual potential evapotranspiration trended in opposite direction across the province. The mean annual humidity index varied between 0.43~0.89, with the semi-arid zone and semi-humid zones accounting for 28.7% and 71.3% of the total area in the province respectively. Principal component analysis showed that the Axis 1 and Axis 2 explained over 70% of the variations in environments, which were highly correlated with elevation, temperature and relative humidity. The spatial distribution of mean annual precipitation correlated highly with the elevation and temperature, while the mean annual potential evapotranspiration was mainly affected by relative humidity. From 1966 to 2015, the annual precipitation and humidity index at the three stations did not show a temporal trend at significant level, while there was a substantial difference in temporal trend of the annual potential evapotranspiration between the three stations. At the Rizhao station, the aerodynamic term in the potential evapotranspiration had increased at significant level due to the increase in temperature and decrease in wind speed, which resulted in an increase in annual potential evapotranspiration. At the Lingxian station, the decline in the radiation term offset the increase in the aerodynamic term because of the increase in relative humidity, which led to a reduction in annual potential evapotranspiration.【Conclusion】The spatial distribution of precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and humidity index all depended on the combined impacts of geographic location, topographic and climatic factors, and the temporal variation in these indicators and their correlation with other climatic factors differed spatially across the province at significant level. These findings are helpful for analyzing and balancing water supply and demand to achieve sustainable water resource management in the province. |
| Key words: precipitation; potential evapotranspiration; humidity index; agricultural water management and soil and water conservation |
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