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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020054 |
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| The Effects of Different Water-nitrogen Couplings on Growth and Yield of Greenhouse Tomato |
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ZHANG Xinyan1, WANG Haoxiang1, NIU Wenquan
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1.College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;2.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China)
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Tomato is one of the most consumed vegetables in the world and is often grown in greenhouse to bridge the seasonal production gap. Drip fertigation is commonly used in greenhouse tomato production as it not only saves water and fertilizer but could also improve tomato yield and quality.【Objective】The objective of this paper is to experimentally explore the drip fertigation system most suitable for greenhouse tomato production. 【Method】 The experiment of drip fertigation was carried out in a dry-land greenhouse and considered three factors: layout of the drip pipeline, irrigation and nitrogen application. We compared three pipeline layouts: one lateral line for each row (T1), one lateral line between two rows (T2), one lateral line between three rows (T3); three irrigation levels: 50% ET0 (W1), 70% ET0 (W2) and 90% ET0 (W3); and three nitrogen levels: 20 kg/hm2(N1), 180 kg/hm2(N2) and 240 kg/hm2(N3).【Result】Both irrigation and fertilization affected plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content and yield. Plant height, stem diameter, photosynthesis and yield increased with both irrigation amount and nitrogen application, especially the former two under N2 at later growth stage. Irrigation impacted plant height, stem diameter and fruit yield more than the nitrogen did, and the maximum difference in leaf area index between the treatment was at the beginning of the fruiting stage, with the difference between the maximum in T1+W2+N2 and the minimum in T3+W2+N1 being 2.57. In contrast, nitrogen application affected the chlorophyll content more than the irrigation did, with the SPAD of chlorophyll in W2 and N2 being the highest (66.2) at the beginning of the fruiting stage. The impact of the layouts of pipeline was least, and no significant difference was found between the three layouts. 【Conclusion】 Optimally coupling irrigation and nitrogen application not only promoted tomato growth, but also improved the yield. For our experiments, the optimal drip fertigation was one lateral pipeline between two plant rows, irrigating 70% of ET0 and fertilizing 240 kg/hm2 of nitrogen, which gave the highest yield 107 104.0 kg/hm2. |
| Key words: greenhouse tomato; drip fertigation; growth indicators; physiological indexes, fruit yield |
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