| This article has been：Browse 1471Times Download 2297Times |
scan it! |
|
|
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020302 |
|
| Effects of Irrigation Amount and Frequency on Water Consumption and Yield of Field Cucumber |
|
JI Jianhong, ZHANG Ye, LI Yanli, LIU Xinyang, ZHAO Li, FU Guoqiang
|
|
1. Henan Vocational College of Water Conservancy and Environment, Zhengzhou 450008, China; 2. Zhejiang Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Quality and Safety Supervision and Management Center, Hangzhou 310012, China; 3. North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Optimal irrigation scheduling not only provides a suitable soil environment for plants to grow but can also reduce agrichemical leaching caused by excessive irrigation. Irrigation scheduling in modern agriculture is normally calculated based on the water a crop requires during different growth stages. In addition to determining water consumption by the crop and irrigation interval, knowing the sensitivity of the crop to soil moisture at different growth stages is also essential.【Objective】The areas of field-cultivated cucumber have seen an increase over the past few years agricultural high efficiency water use test site of North China University of water resources and hydropower, but there is a lack of understanding of a suitable irrigation scheduling for it. The purpose of this paper to fill this knowledge gap.【Method】The experiment was conducted in 2018 in a rainproof shelter; it consisted of two irrigation intervals: 3 days (I1) and 6 days (I2). Added to these were three irrigation amounts with each determined from evaporation measured from a 20cm pan multiplied by an evaporation coefficient - 0.5 (K1), 0.7 (K2) or 0.9 (K3). Overall, there were six treatments. In each treatment we measured the change in soil water content, yield traits including diameter, weight and length of the fruits, water consumption, water use efficiency and irrigation water compensation rate. 【Result】Prolonging irrigation frequency as in I2 made soil moisture approach the wilting point prior to next irrigation which topped up the soil moisture approximately to the field capacity. Water consumption by the cucumber over its whole growth season was between 380 and 570 mm, with its associated yield varying between 18.2 and 46.1 t/hm2. I2K3 was most effective for improving yield; when other conditions were the same, K3 increased the yield most. The irrigation frequency did not have a noticeable effect on water use efficiency. The yield traits varied with both irrigation amount and frequency, with the yield increasing with the irrigation amount. It was found that, similar as the linear increase in yield with water consumption, the fruit numbers were also positively proportional to irrigation amount. There was a linear positive correlation between the water consumption and the pan-evaporation in all treatments, indicating that the evaporation measured from the 20 cm pan is adequate to be used to determine the irrigation scheduling of the field cucumber.【Conclusion】Combing irrigation interval of 6 days with the evaporation measured from the 20 cm pan multiplied a pan coefficient 0.9 as the irrigation amount in each irrigation was most effective to improve cucumber yield and its water use efficiency. |
| Key words: Pan evaporation; irrigation interval; pan evaporation coefficient; irrigation scheduling; cucumber |
|
|
