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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021048 |
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| The Effects of Irrigation Amount on Sap Flow in Stems of Wine Grape and Its Consequence for Grape Yield and Quality |
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SUN Jiaxing, WANG Lijuan, HAN Weihua, GONG Daozhi, GAO Lili, LI Haoru, MAO Lili, HAO Weiping
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Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development,
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Efficient Water Use and Disaster Loss Mitigation, Beijing 100081, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Dryland Water Saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Beijing 100081, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background and objective】 Sufficient sunlight and large diurnal temperature variation in Huaian-Xuanhua Basin in Zhangjiakou City of Hebei province makes it an ideal area for growing wine grape, but this is hindered by its scarce water resource and pore soil quality. Traditional irrigation and fertilization not only waste precious water and fertilizers but also compromise grape yield and quality. Improving use efficiency of irrigation water and fertilizers is hence essential to sustaining wine grape industry in this region. The purpose of this paper is to investigate experimentally how to achieve this via drip fertigation.【Method】We used 10- year cabernet sauvignon as the model plant. The field experiment was conducted in 2019 at a grape vineyard in Zhangjiakou. There were three irrigation treatments: sufficient irrigation (HW), moderate deficit irrigation using 80% of the water in HW (MW), and severe deficit irrigation using 60% of the water in HW (LW). For each treatment, we measured the sap flow from May to October in the stems, fruit yield and quality, and water use efficiency of the grapes, from which we analysed the relationship between sap flow and environmental factors.【Result】The sap flow showed a circadian rhythm; seasonally, it increased first and then fell as time elapsed. The impact of irrigation amount on sap flow was ranked in the order of HW > MW > LW. It was found that the sap flow rate was positively correlated to solar radiation and air temperature, while negatively correlated to air relative humidity. Multiple regression revealed the sap flow rate varied with air temperature, solar radiation, air relative humidity and wind speed, all at significant level, especially in MW. The maximum fruit yield was 10 736.68 kg/hm2 achieved in MW, and the least was 9 900.93 kg/hm2 due to water deficit in LW. Irrigation amount had a significant effect on irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) (P<0.05), with the IWUE decreasing as the irrigation amount increased. In MW, the content of fruit soluble solids, tannin and total phenols in the fruits was 23.05%, 3.51 mg/g and 59.01 mg/g, respectively, differing significantly from those in other treatments (P<0.05).【Conclusion】Comprehensive analysis showed that a moderate deficit irrigation can improve fruit yield and quality of the wine grape in the studied area. |
| Key words: drip fertigation; wine grape; sap flow; fruit yield and quality |
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