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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021358 |
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| Water Consumption and Fertigation Optimization of Drip-irrigated Grape in Arid Regions |
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WEN Yue, WANG Zhenhua
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1. College of Water & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Modern
Water-saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production & Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background and Objective】Tuha in Xinjiang province is one of the most important grape production bases in China, but the crop relies on irrigation and fertilization due to the aridity of this region. Understanding the mechanisms underlying water use of the grape and optimizing its fertigation is hence critical to its sustainable production but is currently lacking. The purpose of this paper is to fill this knowledge gap.【Method】The field experiment imposed deficit irrigation by controlling soil water content within 65%~90% of the field capacity at shoot growth (W1), flowering (W2), berry growth (W3) and berry mature stages (W4), respectively, with sufficient irrigation taken as the control (CK). Each irrigation treatment had three fertilizations: applying N, P2O5 and K2O at 275.0, 275.0 kg/hm2 and 275.0 kg/hm2 (F1), 235.7, 235.7 kg/hm2 and 353.6 kg/hm2 (F2), and 330.0, 165.0 kg/hm2 and 330.0 kg/hm2 (F3), respectively.【Result】Irrigation mediated soil water content, especially the deficit irrigation during the fruit expansion stage. Thirsting the crop at the fruit-expansion stage reduced its yield and fruit quality. In contrast, imposing deficit irrigation at the berry-mature stage not only kept the yield unchanged, but also increased the content of both reduced-sugar and soluble solids. The combination CK+ F2 gave the highest yield at 28 003 kg/hm2; there was no significant difference in the yield between W4+F2 and CK+F2. W4+F2 gave the highest contents of reduced-sugar and soluble solids, being 23.00 g/L and 23.50 g/L, respectively. The yield and contents of reduced-sugar were the lowest in W3+F3, down by 34.29% and 28.70%, compared to that in CKF2 and W4F2, respectively. The grape was mostly water-demanding in the fruit-expansion stage, and imposing deficit irrigation in this period reduced its water consumption rate and total water consumption, especially when nitrogen fertilization was high.【Conclusion】Of all treatments, imposing a deficit irrigation at coloring and maturity stage, coupled with fertilization of N, P2O5 and K2O at 235.7, 235.7, 353.6 kg/hm2, was optimal for saving water without resulting a detrimental impact on its yield while in the meantime improving fruit quality. It can be used as an improved cultivation for grapes grown in arid regions in Xinjiang province. |
| Key words: drip irrigation; grape; yield and quality; water consumption; fertigation optimization |
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