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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps. 2023336 |
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| Effects of Postponing Nitrogen Application on Boll Characteristics, Yield and Quality of Cotton under Water Stress |
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XU Xinlong, ZHANG Jusong, DAI Jianmin, HE Qingyu, XIE Ling, DOU Qiaoqiao
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1. College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
2. Cotton Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830052, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The aim of this paper was to study the regulation effect of nitrogen fertilizer management on cotton yield under insufficient irrigation at flowering and boll-forming stage in arid and semi-arid areas. 【Method】A split-plot design was used to study the effects of different nitrogen application levels on bud and boll development, dry matter accumulation and distribution, yield and fiber quality of cotton. Three nitrogen application levels were set up : N24(flowering fertilizer∶boll stage fertilizer 2∶4), N33(flowering fertilizer∶boll stage fertilizer 3∶3) and N42(flowering fertilizer∶boll stage fertilizer 4∶2) under full irrigation 2 400 m3/hm2 and non-full irrigation 1 560 m3/hm2, respectively.【Result】Compared with non-sufficient irrigation, the yield, boll number per plant and single boll weight of sufficient irrigation at flowering and boll-forming stage increased by 13.7%, 17.32%, 11.68% and 7%, respectively. Under non-sufficient irrigation, from the flowering stage to the boll opening stage, the number of buds and bolls of each nitrogen treatment showed as N24 treatment > N33 treatment > N42 treatment; the boll setting rate of 1-4 fruit branches of cotton increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer proportion at flowering stage, showed as N42 treatment > N33 treatment > N24 treatment, and the boll setting rate of 5-10 fruit branches was the highest in N24 treatment. The total dry matter of cotton from full boll stage to boll opening stage was showed as N24 treatment > N33 treatment > N42 treatment. The maximum accumulation rate and production characteristic value of dry matter in each treatment were the highest in N24 treatment, and N24 treatment was more conducive to the accumulation of dry matter in cotton under insufficient irrigation. The yield of cotton seed cotton under non-sufficient irrigation showed as N24 treatment >N33 treatment >N42 treatment, and N24 treatment increased by 11.06% and 22.44% on average compared with N33 and N42 treatments. The number of bolls per plant and single boll weight of N24 treatment increased by 10.4%, 21.32%, 0.53% and 7.39% on average compared with N33 and N42 treatments. The short fiber index of N24 treatment was significantly lower than that of N33 and N42 treatments, and the textile parameters of N24 treatment were significantly higher than those of N33 and N42 treatments.【Conclusion】Under non-sufficient irrigation, the dry matter accumulation rate can be accelerated by postponing nitrogen fertilizer, the number of cotton buds and bolls can be increased, and the single boll quality and micronaire value can be improved to compensate for the effect of insufficient irrigation on cotton yield and quality. |
| Key words: cotton; water shortage irrigation; nitrogen fertilizer postponing; bud and boll development; production |
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