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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024029 |
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| Effect of nitrogen fertilization on growth and yield of summer maize under mulched drip irrigation in Southern Xinjiang |
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ZUO Shunli, LI Fengxiu, LIU Zelong, ZHAO Qiao, XU Yuan
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1. College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention, Urumqi 830052, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Mulched drip irrigation is a widely used technique in Northwestern China. This paper investigates the combined effects of mulched drip irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on the growth and yield of summer maize.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a maize field in Southern Xinjiang and included a mulched drip irrigation (MD) treatment and a conventional drip irrigation treatment without mulching (LD). Each irrigation treatment had five nitrogen applications: 0 kg/hm2 (N0), 224.6 kg/hm2 (N1), 278.4 kg/hm2 (N2), 368.9 kg/hm2 (N3), and 464.0 kg/hm2 (N4). The control was flood irrigation with a nitrogen application of 278.4 kg/hm2. For each treatment, we measured growth traits and grain yield of the maize.【Result】① With increasing nitrogen application, the SPAD value, leaf area index (LAI), and aboveground dry biomass initially increased before plateauing; these metrics were 18.67%, 10.39%, and 10.41% higher in the MD treatment compared to the LD treatment, respectively. ② The relationship between dry matter accumulation and nitrogen application fit a logistic model, with the accumulation plateauing when the nitrogen application was 368.9 kg/hm2. Compared to LD, MD prolonged the period of rapid growth by 7-18 days and delayed its onset by 1-6 days. ③ The yield in the MD treatment was 1 027.52-2 023.04 kg/hm2 higher than that in LD; nitrogen application increased grain yield by 29.41%-84.46%. The combination of MD and nitrogen application increased yield by 52.17%-106.61%. Nonlinear regression indicated an asymptotic increase in maize yield with nitrogen application. The grain yield in MD and LD plateaued to 362.75 kg/hm2 and 364.14 kg/hm2, when their associated nitrogen application exceeded 267.69 kg/hm2 and 274.11 kg/hm2, respectively. ④ In both irrigation treatments, applying 278.4 kg/hm2 of nitrogen fertilizer produced yields comparable to the control, while saving 256.5 mm of water.【Conclusion】Mulched drip irrigation combined with a nitrogen application of 278.4 kg/hm2 is optimal for promoting the growth and yield of summer maize in Southern Xinjiang. |
| Key words: drip irrigation; nitrogenous fertilizer; growth characteristics; Logistic equation; corn |
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