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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024231 |
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| Effects of spring irrigation amount on soil salinity, yield and quality of sunflower on salinized farmland |
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WU Yixuan, LI Weiping, LIU Xinyu, ZHANG Jiapeng, CAO Lixia
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1. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
2. Guyang County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Baotou 014200, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Farmland salinization in irrigation districts adversely affects soil quality and crop productivity. Improving irrigation management is essential for mitigating soil salinity and ensuring sustainable crop production. This paper presents an experimental study on the effects of different spring irrigation amounts on salt ion leaching and crop performance in salinized farmland.【Method】A field experiment was conducted in a sunflower field in the Tumechuan Plain irrigation district. It consisted of four spring irrigation treatments: 60 mm (T1), 90 mm (T2), and 120 mm (T3), with a control treatment of 150 mm (CK), representing the typical local irrigation amount. Soil salinity, yield and seed quality of sunflower were measured in treatments.【Result】① Following spring irrigation, the concentrations of CO32- and HCO?- increased across all treatments, while other ion concentrations decreased. The order of salt ion leaching after irrigation was Cl-＞SO42-＞Na?+K?＞Ca2+＞Mg2+. T2 was most effective in promoting salt leaching, increasing leaching by 8.73%, 5.06%, and 10.08% compared to T1, T3 and CK, respectively. ② Irrigation changed the soil salt composition in the 0-60 cm soil layer from a chloride-sulfate type to a sulfate-chloride type. Correlation analysis identified Na?+K?, Cl-, HCO3- and SO42- as the main ions limiting soil productivity. ③ T2 resulted in the highest seed germination rate, improving germination rate by 6.13%, 1.12% and 3.86% relative to T1, T3 and CK, respectively, though the difference between T2 and T3 was not statistically significant. Seed yields for T1 and T3 were 5 022.49 kg/hm2 and 4 902.55 kg/hm2, respectively. T3 produced the highest total essential amino acid content in the sunflower seeds.【Conclusion】For salinized soils in the Tumechuan Plain irrigation district, a spring irrigation amount of 90-120 mm, combined with 165 mm of drip irrigation during the growing season, can effectively reduce soil salinity and enhance both the yield and quality of sunflower seeds. |
| Key words: spring irrigation water quantity; sunflower; salinity ion leaching effect; sunflower yield quality; comprehensive evaluation |
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