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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024320 |
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| Effectiveness of different reclaimed vegetation types in improving soil quality on coal mine spoil heaps |
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HU Yaoyun
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Haoyun Engineering Design Co., Ltd, Shenyang 110102, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Vegetation restoration is a widely applied strategy for improving soil quality in mining areas degraded by excavation and other anthropogenic activities. This study evaluates the effectiveness of different vegetation types in enhancing soil quality on a coal mine dump site. 【Method】Field sampling and laboratory analyses were conducted to examine the physical and chemical properties of soils under three vegetation types: artificial forest land, artificial grassland, and bare land (no artificial plantation). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the key factors that influence soil quality.【Results】① The ability of vegetation types to retain soil water content in the 0-50 cm soil layer ranked as follows: artificial forest land (14.23%)＞artificial grassland (13.56%)＞bare land (11.07%). Conversely, soil bulk density followed the opposite trend. With increasing depth, soil water content decreased, while soil bulk density increased across all treatments. ② Organic matter content in the 0-50 cm layer was highest under artificial forest land (28.29 g/kg), followed by artificial grassland (24.99 g/kg) and bare land (23.52 g/kg). Total nitrogen and phosphorus contents were also higher in the artificial forest land compared to the other treatments. Across all treatments, total and available potassium levels were relatively high, whereas alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus levels were low. ③ Soil nutrient contents generally decreased with depth. Soil bulk density was negatively correlated with soil water content, organic matter, total nitrogen, total potassium, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium. In contrast, organic matter showed strong positive correlations with all measured nutrients and water content. ④ PCA results showed that the comprehensive soil quality indices for artificial forest land, artificial grassland, and bare land were 1.819, -0.433, and -1.386, respectively, indicating that artificial forest land had the greatest impact on soil quality restoration.【Conclusion】Vegetation restoration significantly improved the physical and chemical properties of soils in the coal mine dump sites, with artificial forest land being the most effective in enhancing overall soil quality. |
| Key words: dump; soil quality; vegetation type; ecological restoration |
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